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汉堡峰会G20承诺支持自由贸易

2017-07-10 15:35:41   经济参考报

原标题:汉堡峰会G20承诺支持自由贸易

为期两天的二十国集团(G20)领导人汉堡峰会当地时间8日下午落下帷幕。在这次以“塑造联动世界”的峰会上,与会各方领导人聚焦于形势、贸易、金融、数字经济、能源、气候变化、难民移民、反恐等重大全球性议题展开讨论。德国总理默克尔在峰会结束后举行的新闻发布会上表示,经过两天会谈,二十国集团一致支持自由贸易,但因美国退出,与会各方未能就应对气候变化的《巴黎协定》达成共识。

本次峰会通过了《二十国集团领导人汉堡峰会公报》,强调应对当今时代挑战、塑造联动世界是二十国集团作为国际经济合作主要论坛的共同目标。承诺在杭州峰会成果基础上携手合作,推动贸易投资,发挥数字化潜力,推动可持续发展,与非洲国家建立伙伴关系,实现强劲、可持续、平衡和包容增长,塑造全球化,造福全人类。

自由贸易和气候变化是本届峰会最受关注的议题。但美国总统特朗普一直奉行“美国优先”的治国主张并坚决退出《巴黎协定》,令外界对本次峰会能否在这两个领域达成共识产生怀疑。

商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院研究员姚铃对《经济参考报》记者表示,G20汉堡峰会在四方面达成了共识,包括贸易与投资、全球金融体系改革、能源与气候以及发展问题,实属不易;尤其在贸易与投资方面,能够达成共识,具有重要意义。姚铃说,主要成果体现在两个方面:首先,强调反对保护主义。实际上,2008年G20峰会首次峰会就在反对贸易保护主义方面达成重要共识,但近年来逆全球化和贸易保护主义抬头,对这一共识也带来较大挑战。由于个别国家反对,今年3月,G20财长会议成果文件未能写入“抵制所有形式的保护主义”,曾引发较大担忧。其次,汉堡峰会强调“以规则为基础的国际贸易体系”,可以说是对“多边规则体系”的一次拯救,这说明对多边贸易体系的支持,仍然是国际社会的重要共识,也符合世界各国的共同利益。

在自由贸易议题上,外媒曾引用与会官员的话说,包括德国总理默克尔、俄罗斯总统普京在内的多位领导人在与特朗普会谈时都曾对其进行劝说,但特朗普坚称目前的全球贸易规则对美国不利,还表示将捍卫美国工人的利益。

从会后的新闻公报中可以看出,各方在遣词造句上有所妥协。默克尔在新闻发布会上表示,尽管与会各方有关自由贸易的谈判“非常艰难”,但结果“令人满意”。二十国集团领导人一致支持全球化,承诺市场开放,反对贸易保护主义,决定建立稳定的国际贸易体系,促进跨国投资。默克尔还表示,此次公报有两个重点值得强调,一是基于规则的国际贸易是核心,二十国集团在自由贸易等诸多问题上达成了一致,二是希望能支持或培育具有韧性的财政经济。

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