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个人征信牌照迟迟未落地 行业何去何从?

2017-07-02 19:17:33   新华社

新华社北京7月2日电 题:个人征信牌照迟迟未落地,行业何去何从?

新华社记者王晓洁

征信体系是现代金融业的基石。然而,在互联网金融火热发展之时,个人征信牌照却迟迟未能落地,至今无一家机构获得央行批准。业内人士认为,征信市场从业机构确实存在规范经营不够的问题,行业仍需深度调整。

2015年1月,央行印发《关于做好个人征信业务准备工作的通知》,要求芝麻信用、腾讯征信、中诚信、考拉征信等8家机构做好个人征信业务的准备工作,准备时间为6个月。可如今,2年多过去了,个人征信牌照的“靴子”仍未落地。

不可否认的是,当前的征信行业确实存在种种问题。大成基金首席经济学家姚余栋在近日由新华网主办的“国家金融科技高峰论坛”上表示,征信行业存在无序竞争的问题,包括标准不统一、信息过度采集、信息泄露倒卖等,从业机构规范经营不足。

那么,在监管部门牌照发放搁置的情况下,征信行业何去何从?

“我们早已递交材料申请牌照,但是还没有获得批准。非常期待征信行业可以被有效监管,没牌照的情况下,开展业务不易获得信任。”北京安融惠众征信有限公司总经理常胜告诉记者。

常胜坦言,目前征信的监管仍不完善,行业鱼龙混杂,正规军生存下来并不容易。

虽然迟迟未发牌照,但央行多位官员在公开场合都曾呼吁过个人征信机构的合规化。

央行副行长陈雨露在今年4月曾经公开表示,个人征信行业应该遵守三个原则:一是第三方征信独立性原则,征信机构在公司治理结构和业务开展上,应确保独立,防止利益冲突。二是征信活动公正性原则,应充分体现社会的公平和正义。三是个人信息隐私权益保护原则,防止个人信息被过度采集、不当加工和非法使用。

对于未来个人征信机构的发展路径,姚余栋认为,由行业组织牵头共同发起成立个人征信机构,应当鼓励和支持。

“由于缺乏有效统一的信用信息共享机制,互联网金融从业机构之间‘信息孤岛’问题突出,不利于提升行业风险管理水平。由具有行业公信力和独立性的行业组织牵头相关从业机构共同发起成立个人征信机构,有助于建立健全信用基础设施。”姚余栋说。

中国人民银行金融研究所互联网金融研究中心副主任伍旭川表示,基于金融大数据的商业化,应坚持目的正当、技术正当、数据共享。如今大数据商业化的问题很多,用户个体的权益被严重忽略,知情权不彻底、同意权很被动;数据市场也呈现了寡头垄断的趋势,表现为数据收集不开放、行业话语权垄断。

值得肯定的是,目前我国正在不断完善个人信息保护方面的法律法规。《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理侵犯公民个人信息刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》今年6月1日起施行,对侵犯公民个人信息犯罪的定罪量刑标准和有关法律适用问题做出规定。

伍旭川建议,要完善包括征信在内的金融数据市场,就要形成大数据法律和监管体系,加强对数据处理的使用和规范,同时创新监管方式和提升监管能力,加强相关领域的人才培养。

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