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煤炭产业发展面临双重任务 去产能、转型升级推进

2017-07-02 03:52:30   

产能是煤炭产业当前面临的头等大事,通过持续淘汰落后产能,目前的市场环境已经有所改善,煤炭价格持续处于合理区间,煤炭企业的盈利状况也逐渐向好。不过,煤炭产业虽然暂时摆脱了危机,但并不意味着煤炭产业自身存在的结构性矛盾已得到根本性解决,持续的去产能和转型升级仍然是产业发展的双重任务——

近日,内蒙古自治区发布消息称,根据对2017年煤炭去产能退出的16处地方煤矿关闭情况督查,内蒙古已关闭其中14处煤矿,完成年度关闭计划的81.5%。除内蒙古外,其他多个省份也出现了时间刚过半,煤炭去产能已完成全年目标任务一大半的情况,进度远超预期。国家发展和改革委员会新闻发言人孟玮此前表示,截至5月底,全国已退出煤炭产能9700万吨左右,完成年度目标任务65%。

专家指出,尽管去产能进展相对顺利,但煤炭产业运行中的结构性矛盾仍未得到根本性解决,煤炭产业发展仍须爬坡过坎,努力寻求去产能、脱困与转型升级同步推进。

煤企盈利状况改善

2016年,我国煤炭去产能工作有序推进,全年共退出煤炭产能2.9亿吨以上,超额完成年度目标任务。今年,根据《政府工作报告》部署,我国将继续退出煤炭产能1.5亿吨以上。尽管目标任务与去年的2.5亿吨相比少了1亿吨,但考虑到在去产能过程中还须防范去年已经退出产能的“死灰复燃”,今年的去产能力度并未减弱。

随着煤炭去产能和减量化生产政策措施实施,煤炭市场供求关系明显改善,煤炭经济运行继续保持了平稳发展态势,市场供需基本平衡,经济运行质量企稳回升。根据中国煤炭工业协会统计,今年前4个月,全国煤炭产量11.08亿吨,同比增长2.5%;煤炭净进口8615万吨,增长34.9%;消费量12.8亿吨,增长3.4%。

从价格表现看,尽管全国煤炭价格波动回落,但价格水平均处于企业盈亏平衡点以上。秦皇岛港5500大卡动力煤市场价格稳定在600元/吨左右,年度长协价格稳定在550元/吨以上。

由于煤炭价格持续处于合理区间,煤炭企业的盈利状况也有所改善。一季度,全国规模以上煤炭企业实现利润708.7亿元,去年同期为亏损6.5亿元。

“煤炭经济形势的好转来之不易。这是党中央作出供给侧结构性改革的战略部署、政府有关部门综合施策、地方各级政府积极响应、社会力量广泛参与、煤炭企业有序推进取得的成果。自去年以来,煤炭产业坚定不移地推进去产能,并贯彻落实276个工作日制度,有效地改善了市场供需关系,克服了市场供大于求的矛盾,使煤炭经济在2016年相继形成‘政策底’和‘市场底’后,继续保持趋稳向好的发展态势。”中国煤炭经济研究院院长岳福斌说。

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