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油气改革酝酿细则 两桶油加速备战

2017-06-21 09:24:01   经济参考报

原标题:油气改革酝酿细则 两桶油加速备战

《经济参考报》记者了解到,自5月底《关于深化石油天然气体制改革的若干意见》(以下简称“《意见》”)发布以来,相关部门正在研究制定勘探开发、管网独立等方面配套文件,以及综合改革试点方案和专项改革实施方案。而两桶油也加速备战,中石油近日正式启动海外油气体制机制改革,而中石化也提出围绕油气改革制定切实可行的专项工作方案及相关配套措施,把混合所有制改革作为企业改革的重要突破口。

不过,在6月20日的标普全球亚太大宗商品研讨会上,与会人士认为,改革不太可能大幅改变国有石油企业的竞争格局,至少未来两到三年如此,国有企业将继续主导勘查开采,原油进口管理趋紧,油气管网改革任重道远。

《意见》列出的首要任务是完善并有序放开油气勘查开采体制。实行勘查区块竞争出让制度,采取更加严格的区块退出机制,允许符合准入要求并获得资质的市场主体参与常规油气勘查开采。

“但是,由于政府强调改革的‘有序’进行,这方面的改革可能将会逐步推进,不太可能大范围开展。即使政府要求国有油气企业出让更多区块用户招标,它们也只会出让经济效益不佳的区块,而且在我们看来,民营企业普遍缺乏勘查开采的技术、资本和专业实力,成功开发的难度仍然比较大。”标普全球评级企业评级董事、中国大宗商品首席分析师黄晓丹认为,民营企业可以通过参股某个项目的形式进入,国有企业也可借此吸收资本、分担风险。

油气管网的改革是另一大市场关注点。《意见》提出,分步推进国有大型油气企业干线管道独立,实现管输和销售分开,完善油气管网公平接入机制,油气干线管道、省内和省际管网均向第三方市场主体公平开放。

目前相关的配套文件正在制定中。黄晓丹认为,天然气管道改革的一种可能性是借鉴中国铁塔模式,中石油、中石化、中海油可以以同样的方式将其管线资产注入一家全国性的管线企业,不管最终采用何种模式,预计都将是一个长期的过程。

(责编:孙阳、夏晓伦)

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