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医药分开倒逼医院门诊药房改革

2017-06-12 10:02:21   经济参考报

根据已经确定的时间表,年内我国所有公立医院将全面取消药品加成,而医院门诊药房也将从利润部门变成运行成本。药房何去何从将成为公立医疗机构不得不面对的一大问题。

有专家认为,随着医药分开的推进和医联体建设的进一步发展,社区卫生服务机构药房的优势越来越不明显,由此出现了逐渐萎缩甚至剥离的情况。而对多数公立医疗机构而言,药房变成了实实在在的成本负担,要解决这一困难,未来仍需政府对医疗卫生进行投入。

进展 多地医院试水药房剥离

北京市在2015年提出,社区医院逐步推进社区药房剥离。药品采购和供应交给商业公司处理,同时支持由第三方利用电子商务手段满足社区居民的药品需求。

《经济参考报》记者近日在北京市石景山区广宁社区卫生服务中心发现,得益于“药房托管”和“虚拟药库”,这里的药品品种从以前的四百种增加到了近千种。据了解,广宁社区卫生服务中心与华润药业签订了药房托管协议,取消了机构内的药库和药房,成立药品配送中心,通过信息化手段,建立“虚拟药库”。医生通过互联网可查看该配送中心的所有药品储备情况,并根据患者需求开具电子处方。据悉,这样的模式石景山区已经开展了三家试点,分别是八角、广宁、五里坨的社区卫生服务中心,它们与三家大型的药品配送商,包括嘉事堂、华润、国药控股签订了托管协议,目前药品配送运行顺利。

“事实上,就是把药品配送企业变成了社区的药品储备库。”石景山区卫计委副主任杨纪锋说,“受限于社区医院的空间和人力,以前社区医院只能存放四百种左右药品,现在社区可为居民开的药品达到了近千种,而且也不用担心人手不足、储存药品空间不足。”

药师张翔介绍说,医生开出处方后,通过电子信息系统,药品配送站点会收到电子处方,如果是药架上有的常用药,可以当即为患者取,如果站点没有,药企会在4小时内送达,紧急药品2小时内送到。

“目前,北京阳光采购平台药品有近4万种,随着大医院转到社区就诊的患者日益增多,患者就诊后开具的药品已不止于基层近700种药品的范围,而且社区药房药库面积、药剂调配人员数量有限,传统的药品销售模式已经很难满足患者用药需求。”北京市方庄社区卫生服务中心主任吴浩说。

事实上,除北京外,多地医院也做出了门诊药房剥离的尝试。如广州市妇女儿童医疗中心近日分别将妇科门诊用药和成人门诊用药剥离到社会药店。经过前期信息化建设和物流延伸改造,广州妇儿中心关闭院内门诊药房,由广药公司在医院附近设立大众医药妇儿中心店,承接广州妇儿中心门诊患者的药品调配工作,同时接收医院药剂科的大部分工作人员。此外,成都市也已开始试点剥离社区医院药房。

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