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2030年有望实现商业化开发 中国领跑可燃冰开采

2017-06-12 10:02:10   中国经济网

原标题:中国领跑可燃冰开采

在人类日益为能源所困的今天,可燃冰的成功试采自然是万众瞩目。此次我国在全球范围内首次成功试开采,实现了六大技术体系二十项关键技术自主创新。但这仅是万里长征迈出关键性一步,未来要实现产业化和商业化开采,仍有长路要走——

6月9日,经济日报·中国经济网记者乘坐直升机从珠海起飞,在浩瀚的南海上空飞行一个半小时后,稳稳降落在一个屹立于海面的庞然大物上——“蓝鲸一号”钻井平台。

这是一座37层楼高的大家伙,是我国自主建造的目前世界最大作业水深、最深钻井深度的半潜式钻井平台。近来这里正吸引着全世界的目光,我国在这里成功实现了可燃冰的试开采。

可燃冰,简而言之,即可以燃烧的冰块,学名为“天然气水合物”,是由甲烷为主的有机分子被水分子包裹而成,其热值比石油高许多,燃烧后只生成二氧化碳和水,储量据称可供人类使用千年。

在人类日益为能源所困的今天,可燃冰的成功试采自然是万众瞩目。因此,5月18日,我国宣布试采可燃冰成功,成为全球首个海域可燃冰试采获得连续稳定气流的国家后,夸赞和质疑扑面而来。有人说,可燃冰开采没那么容易,环保是否过关得打个问号。还有人认为,开采成功后很快将产业化,资本市场上沾些边的股票随之一飞冲天。

记者此番前来,就是要一探究竟,我们可以安全环保地开采可燃冰吗?技术上我们能在全球实现领跑吗?产业化究竟还有多长的路要走?

环境保护处在优先位置

从“蓝鲸一号”钻井平台往海中望去,蔚蓝的海面上波光粼粼,时不时有硕大的鱼跳跃出来。

可燃冰被誉为“未来的能源”。其能量密度非常高,同等条件下,可燃冰燃烧产生的能量比煤、石油、天然气要多出十倍。1立方米的可燃冰分解后可释放出164立方米的天然气。

但是,可燃冰开采难度之大也是业界公认的。可燃冰靠低温高压封存,如温度升高,水合物中的甲烷可能溢出;或者如冰块消融、压力回升,一旦控制不当,可能造成海底滑坡等地质灾害。

中国地质调查局总工程师严光生说,对于这两个难点,试采前就已经充分考虑、反复论证,部署了多个监测点实时监测,目前周边气体和海底地形都没有变化。

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