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世行:今年全球经济增速有望达2.7%

2017-06-06 12:27:58   经济参考报

原标题:世行:今年全球经济增速有望达2.7%

近日,世界银行在最新的6月期《全球经济展望》中预计,随着制造业和贸易回暖、市场信心增强以及大宗商品价格趋稳,新兴市场和发展中经济体将恢复增长,2017年全球经济增速将加快至2.7%。

报告预计,发达经济体2017年增长速度有望加快至1.9%。此外,在全球融资条件依然有利、大宗商品价格持续稳定的背景下,预计新兴市场和发展中经济体今年的整体增速将从2016年的3.5%加快至4.1%。全球七大新兴市场经济体的增长速度将加快,预计2018年将超过长期平均水平。这些经济体的复苏会对其他新兴市场和发展中经济体乃至全球经济产生积极影响。

不过,报告认为,目前依然存在一些风险,可能给全球经济前景蒙上阴影。虽然贸易增长有望在去年降至2.5%的低点后逐渐回升至4%,但新的贸易限制措施可能会影响全球贸易回暖。持续存在的政策不确定性可能损害投资信心。对政策相关风险或发达经济体货币政策正常化速度重新进行市场评估,有可能引发金融动荡。从更长期看,生产力和投资增长持续疲软,可能会削弱新兴市场和发展中经济体的长期增长前景,这也不利于减少全球贫困。

报告突出了对新兴市场和发展中经济体债务和赤字不断增加的担忧,并认为,如果突然加息或借贷条件收紧可能会对其经济造成损害。2016年年底,半数以上新兴市场和发展中经济体的政府债务占GDP的比重超出2007年10个百分点以上,三成国家的财政平衡恶化,赤字占GDP的比重超出2007年5个百分点。

从不同地区看,预计东亚太平洋地区经济增速将放慢至6.2%,2018年为6.1%。预计中国的经济增速今年放慢至6.5%,2018年为6.3%。

在大宗商品出口国继续复苏、主要经济体地缘政治风险消退和政策不确定性减少等因素助力下,预计欧洲中亚地区2017年增速普遍加快至2.5%,2018年至2.7%。其中,俄罗斯在经历两年经济衰退之后,在消费走强拉动下,预计2017年增长1.3%,2018年增长1.4%。

随着巴西和阿根廷走出经济衰退,同时,受大宗商品价格回升对农产品和能源出口国的利好影响,预计拉美加勒比地区2017年经济增速加快至0.8%。由于石油输出国组织减产对石油出口国产生的不利影响超过了石油进口国的有利方面,预计中东北非地区2017年增速放慢至2.1%;2018年如果地缘政治紧张局势出现缓和以及油价上涨,该地区经济增长将回升至2.9%。

考虑到内需和出口稳步扩大对经济的支撑作用,南亚地区2017年增速预计将回升至6.8%,2018年加快至7.1%。预计印度2017财年(2017年4月1日-2018年3月31日)增速加快至7.2%,下一财年可望达到7.5%。

世界银行行长金墉认为,全球经济企稳向好的迹象令人鼓舞。经济复苏尽管脆弱但已经开始,各国应当抓住时机推进体制和市场改革,以便吸引私人投资帮助维持长期增长。

世界银行首席经济学家保罗·罗默认为,贸易正在复苏,但令人担忧的是投资增长依然乏力。为此,世行将把贷款的优先重点转向能够促使私营部门跟进投资的项目。

(责编:孙博洋、杨曦)

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