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报告称全球烟草消费每年造成损失高达1.4万亿美元

2017-06-01 11:56:54   中国经济网

原标题:报告称全球烟草消费每年造成损失高达1.4万亿美元

经济日报纽约电 记者朱旌报道:世界卫生组织在5月31日“世界无烟日”发布的《烟草及其对环境的影响:概述》报告称,烟草消费每年造成700多万人死亡,而且卫生保健开支和生产力损失对家庭和政府造成了超过1.4万亿美元的损失。

报告指出,烟草对自然环境的影响包括:烟草废物含有会对环境造成毒害的7000多种毒性化学物质,其中包括人类致癌物质。烟草烟雾排放会产生数千吨的人类致癌物质、有毒物质和温室气体,对环境造成污染。根据计量,烟草废物是全球最大的垃圾类型。每天销售的150亿支卷烟中,有多达100亿支被丢弃在环境中。在海岸和城市环卫清理收集的所有物品中,烟蒂占30%至40%。此外,烟草以多种方式威胁到所有人以及国家和区域的发展。统计显示,约8.6亿成年吸烟者生活在低收入和中等收入国家。许多研究表明,在最贫穷的家庭中,烟草制品的支出通常占家庭总支出的10%以上。这意味着可用于食物、教育和卫生保健的经费较少,烟草直接影响到儿童就学。有60%至70%的烟草农场工人是妇女,因此她们与常常有害的化学品保持密切接触。烟草造成的死亡占非传染性疾病死亡总人数的16%。

报告指出,烟草相关疾病是世界面临的最大公共卫生威胁之一,每年造成700多万人死亡。烟草消费是非传染性疾病最大的可预防病因之一。烟草控制是改善社区健康和实现可持续发展目标的有力工具。世卫组织呼吁,各国政府应实施强有力的烟草控制措施,其中包括禁止烟草营销和广告、提高消费税、室内公共场所和工作场所禁烟等。

(责编:贾兴鹏、杨曦)

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