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破解以药养医须坚持“三医联动”

2017-05-15 10:54:54   经济参考报

随着公立医院综合改革全面铺开,取消药品加成后,医院的财政补偿能否到位成为医疗界普遍关注的问题。5月11日,财政部社保司副司长宋其超在新闻发布会上表示,中央财政将对医改试点县市安排补助资金,每个县补助300万元,每个新增试点城市补助2000万元,每个城市的市辖区补助100万元。

专家认为,从根本上破解“以药养医”顽疾,仍需加快医院行政体制改革,健全外部支撑,畅通“供血”路径。同时,坚持医药、医疗、医保“三医联动”,避免“单兵突进、顾此失彼”。

健全财政补偿机制

“政府应增加对公立医院的投入,完善医疗服务价格体系。”湖南省人民医院副院长向华认为,取消药品加成后,公立医院应该适当收取药事服务费。药学作为临床一线学科,在临床用药管理、用药安全等方面必不可少,医院为此投入了大量的人力、场地、物业等,在药品“零差率”的条件下,药事零费率不符合经济规律,也不利于药学学科的发展。

取消药品加成后,成都市新都区政府财政加大补偿机制,让医院“轻装上阵”。根据新都区的试点实施方案,医院由此而减少的药品加成收入由上级财政和区财政按照实际减少的数额审核拨付。在绩效总量调控上,新都区还实施“托底调峰”原则,对收入水平达不到调控线的医院进行财政“托底”,使其达到当地医院平均水平;对超过调控线的进行“调峰”,超过部分按累进方式征收调节基金,将所征调节基金纳入到同级财政预算,用于保障医院退休人员待遇及相关费用。

取消药品加成后,医院带来的收入减少目前还缺乏相应的补偿配套政策。新都区卫计局有关责任人说,2015年该区取消药品加成后医院运行缺口是1600多万,这对基层财政来说是笔不小的负担。

向华还认为,建立新型的医保支付制度迫在眉睫。应该改变目前的医保费用结算周期,现在医保机构拖欠医院医保费用已成为普遍现象,严重影响医院正常合理经营,建议由传统的事后审核支付改为提前预付,及时支付医院医保费用,保证公立医院可持续运转,不然容易造成医保、医院、医药之间的“三角债”。

净化药品流通环境

破除“以药养医”,还需减少药品流通领域中间环节,提高流通企业集中度,打击“过票洗钱”,降低药品虚高价格。目前,福建、四川、湖南等省已出台了“两票制”方案。

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