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国内港口一季度生产回暖升温 向航运服务产业集群发展

2017-05-09 10:21:08   经济参考报

世界最大的集装箱轮巴拿马籍“商船三井成就号”近日在上海洋山深水港首航,这是世界上第一艘超两万个标准箱的超级集装箱船投入使用,刷新了上海港靠泊世界超大型集装箱船运载箱量的纪录。

港口被称为经济运行的“晴雨表”,港口运行状况直接反映了国民经济运行情况。当前,港口经济正由传统货运业向航运服务产业集群发展,在结构性调整中寻求新的突破点和增长点。

一季度生产实现开门红

交通运输部统计,今年一季度,规模以上港口完成货物吞吐量29.9亿吨,同比增长7.6%,增速较去年同期、去年全年分别加快了5.2和3.9个百分点,其中内、外贸吞吐量同比分别增长7.7%和7.3%。完成集装箱吞吐量5371万标箱,同比增长7.2%

其中,上海港保持了9.5%的高速增长,完成集装箱吞吐量935.32万标箱;宁波舟山港完成货物吞吐量2.4亿吨,同比增长7%,完成集装箱吞吐量588万标准箱,同比增长9.2%;青岛港外贸吞吐量同比增长6.8%,海铁联运同比增长24%,保持全国第一;广西北部湾港吞吐量保持稳步增长态势,累计完成吞吐量3492万吨,同比增长18.98%,其中集装箱完成45.12万标箱,同比增长11.9%。

“今年一季度,中国经济同比增长6.9%,实现2015年第四季度以来的最高增速。”交通运输部水运局副局长姜明宝分析认为,一季度国内港口生产呈现回暖升温走势、实现开门红的背后,是受国内消费、生产、流通等领域持续升温及新航线开辟等因素影响,与一季度全国经济走势保持同步。

姜明宝介绍,为支持国民经济的持续发展,未来5至10年,港口行业景气度较高,我国港口行业仍将持续平稳增长。根据交通运输部“十三五”时期港口集疏运系统建设方案,要重点推进港口集疏运铁路、公路连接线等建设,进一步提高港口辐射能力与服务水平。其中涉及长江经济带项目共有100多个,总投资约1000亿元。

推进港口供给侧结构性改革

近年来,受国内外经济增长放缓等多方面的影响,我国港口发展的问题主要体现在供给侧上。

交通运输部新闻发言人吴春耕指出,局部区域散货、油品等货种码头能力出现相对过剩的现象,同质化竞争较为激烈。伴随我国经济供给侧结构性改革,港口经济也同时走上供给侧改革之路。

“去年南京港集团完成货物吞吐量1.01亿吨,成为长江沿线首个吞吐量突破亿吨的港口企业。”南京港集团副总经理李锦表示,目前港口面临结构性过剩、刚性成本持续上升、环境监管日益严格等因素。南京港集团积极调整功能布局,强化江海转运功能,逐步实现了重点货种、货主、区域市场的分工协作;建设配套深水化专业码头,推动老码头改造,对接南京滨江开发。

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