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水资源税试点年内将扩围 专家:应考虑水资源状况

2017-05-09 10:21:00   经济参考报

《经济参考报》记者近期在河北调研水资源税试点情况发现,自2016年7月开征水资源税以来,税收收入明显增加,水资源税开征前五个征期,河北全省申报水资源税超过7亿元。与此同时,改革倒逼一些企业减少取用地下水,转变用水方式,采取节水措施的成效初步显现。

记者还从业内获悉,国家层面将对河北的试点经验做出评估总结,水资源税试点将在年内扩围。一些地方也已经在积极准备申报。业内专家指出,应综合考虑水资源状况和产业结构,体制衔接完善的地方有望纳入本轮扩围试点。

开源 河北税收收入增加明显

2016年7月1日,我国正式开启水资源税试点,鉴于取用水资源涉及面广、情况复杂,为确保改革平稳有序实施,在河北省开展我国首个也是唯一一个水资源税试点。具体而言,河北采取水资源费改税的方式,将地表水和地下水纳入征税范围,实行从量定额计征,对高耗水行业、超计划用水以及在地下水超采地区取用地下水,适当提高税额标准,正常生产生活用水维持原有负担水平不变。

河北水资源费改税之后,税收收入明显增加。《经济参考报》记者从河北省地税局了解到,水资源税开征前五个征期,全省共有13325户水资源纳税人,申报水资源税超过7亿元,计税取水量共计7.93亿立方米。其中地表水0.87亿元,占申报总额12%,地下水6.33亿元,占申报总额88%。

统计分析显示,水资源税收入与原水资源费收入相比明显上了一个台阶。对比来看,2015年河北水资源费月均收入0.78亿元,改革后水资源税月均收入1.43亿元,比近三年水资源费月均收入增加0.65亿元,增幅为83%。

据了解,实现增收主要有两个原因:一是政策性增收。改革费改税的同时,调高了取用地下水、超采地区取水和高耗水企业的征收标准,增加了收入。二是管理性增收。实施费改税后,税收刚性增强,严格依率计征,增加了税款入库。

具体来看,“改革前后水资源税费负担变化总体表现为‘三增三平’ ,总体符合政策设计初衷。” 河北省地税局总经济师朱清郁说,“三增”即抽取地下水企业税负增加,超采区企业税负增加,特种行业税负增加;“三平”是居民生活用水负担持平,企业正常用水负担基本持平,农业用水负担不变。

他还表示,“增加收入不是费改税的最终目的,改革主要是为了破解水资源稀缺与浪费并存的痼疾,调控意义大于财政意义。改革初期收入增加属于正常现象,随着企业加大节水力度之后,税收收入会呈现出一个逐步下降的过程。”

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