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中国建立境外国有资产审计制度

2017-05-08 13:05:18   经济参考报

我国正在抓紧建立健全更为严格的境外国有资产审计监督机制。《经济参考报》记者日前获悉,针对境外国有资产投资、运营和管理情况,我国正建立更为完善的境外国有资产审计制度。内容包括重点审计国有企业境外投资、合资合作等国际化经营有关决策机制的建立健全及执行情况,境外国有资产财务管理制度和内部控制制度的建立和执行,境外国有资产安全完整、运营效益、风险管控和保值增值等多个方面。

值得注意的是,特别是涉及境外投资项目的规划、论证、签约、重大变更、处置等重大事项和关键环节的管控情况,境外国有资产财务管理制度和内部控制制度建立健全及执行情况,境外大额资金使用、集中采购和佣金支付等真实合法效益情况,境外国有资产安全完整、运营效益、风险管控和保值增值等情况,都将是下一步境外审计重点。记者同时了解到,下一步审计机关对国有企业境外国有资产的审计,主要采取在境内查阅、审核、分析有关资料和询问有关人员等方式。根据审计需要以及国际惯例、所在国(地区)法律规定等情况,可以赴境外进行现场核查和审计取证。

种种迹象表明,国家将进一步加强对境外国有资产的监管力度,通过建立更为全面的审计制度,对央企境外投资逐步规范到位。

任何投资不可能没有风险,也不可能回避风险。随着中央企业境外资产的增长,境外资产的监管对国资委来说实际上是一个新课题。

记者了解到,近年来,中央企业“走出去”开展国际化经营取得了积极进展,全球资源配置能力和国际竞争力逐步提升,业务分布全球150多个国家和地区,境外资产规模超过5万亿元人民币。以高铁、核电、特高压为代表,在铁路、电力、通信、装备制造等领域建设了一批在当地具有示范性和带动性的重大项目和标志性工程。

但不容忽视的是,与国际一流跨国公司相比,中央企业国际化经营起步较晚,经验相对不足,对国际规则的熟悉和运用不够,对风险的识别和管控能力有待提高,再加上境外投资市场竞争激烈,国别差异较大,投资监管环境不同,境外投资面临着较大的政治、法律、社会、安全等各类风险。

一位不愿透露姓名的央企内部人士对《经济参考报》记者说,必须承认的是,由于我国企业“走出去”仍处于探索阶段,境外资产投资暴露出的问题非常复杂,涉及文化、人才甚至包括国有企业制度等诸多方面,央企境外资产运营中确实存在风险意识不强、重投资轻管理等问题。而在此前,一些央企曾经在“走出去”失败中付出巨额学费。

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