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年假未休满跨年清零不合法 劳动者有权补休或拿三薪

2017-05-02 08:00:41   北京晨报

职场上的人大多都休过带薪年假,但是,你真正了解带薪年假的休法吗?据朝阳法院粗略统计,该院每年审理的近5000件劳动争议案件中,近三分之一都涉及到带薪年假问题。近日,朝阳法院结合相关案例,对带薪休假中涉及的几个常见的误区和盲点进行提示。

未休年假

劳动者应举证证明

杨某于2007年3月1日入职甲公司,2013年3月29日与甲公司解除劳动关系。杨某主张每年应休年假15天,自入职后没有休过年假,故要求甲公司支付2008年度至2013年3月29日未休年假工资。甲公司却认为,杨某已休完全部年假,但双方均未举证。

法院认为,杨某应当对其累计工作年限进行举证,甲公司应当对杨某休假情况进行举证。用人单位应保存两年的工资支付记录备查,甲公司未举证证明杨某考勤或休假情况,杨某未举证证明其已累计工作满20年,且未对2012年度以前的未休年假事实举证,故甲公司应当按照每年5天年休假的标准,支付杨某2012年度至2013年3月29日期间的未休年假工资。

法官解读:用人单位应保存两年的工资支付记录备查,故在两年期间内,用人单位对劳动者考勤和休假事实负有举证责任,超出两年范围的,举证责任转移至劳动者,劳动者应就自身的休假事实提交证据。

跨年清零

这样的规定不合法

梁某于2014年5月10日入职乙公司,2015年10月30日双方解除劳动关系。因没有休过年假,梁某要求乙公司支付在职期间的未休年假工资。乙公司认为,公司员工手册中规定,年休假不可跨年申请,当年12月31日前未休完的年假,没有特殊情况的,次年自动清零。

法院认为,劳动者享有带薪年休假的法定权利,且法律规定年休假可以跨年度安排,乙公司员工手册规定与法律规定相悖,法院不予采信。乙公司应当依法支付梁某在职期间的未休年休假工资。

法官解读:根据法律规定,用人单位可以在第二年安排补休上一年度的年休假。一些企业会在规章制度、员工手册、劳动合同中附加“当年带薪年休假没有休完的,将在年底或次年年初清零”等类似规定。因此每到年底,这些公司的职工们往往被迫扎堆休假。而这样的规定不合理也不合法。

用人单位不能以跨年为理由随意将员工的未休年休假清零。如果劳动者当年度尚有年假未休的,可以与单位协商在次年补休,或者要求单位按照日工资收入的300%支付未休年休假工资报酬。

享受年假

连续工作满1年才行

王某于2014年2月10日入职丙公司,最后工作至2015年2月12日。王某主张,自上一家用人单位离职后即到丙公司工作,因此主张应自入职时起享受带薪年休假。但丙公司对此不予认可。

法院认为,王某提交的证据显示离职时间为2014年1月20日,其于2月10日入职丙公司,不属于连续工作。其在丙公司工作的时间为2014年2月10日至2015年2月12日,不符合享受带薪年休假的条件,因此对于王某要求支付未休年休假工资的诉讼请求,法院不予支持。

法官解读:许多劳动者误以为入职当年就可以申请年休假,其实不然。法律规定“连续工作满一年”,是指劳动者在参加工作后曾经在同一个或两个以上用人单位连续、不中断地工作满12个月,之后才开始享受年休假。即使劳动者不是初次参加工作,只要存在中断工作、停止工作的情形,均需要重新工作满1年后,才能再次开始享受带薪年休假。

北京晨报记者 颜斐

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