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媒体:谨防“300%支付工资”成年休假替代模式

2017-04-26 10:14:32   检察日报

原标题:媒体:谨防“300%支付工资”成年休假替代模式

300%支付年休假工资报酬,只能是解决劳动纠纷的政策依据,以及劳动争议案件裁判标准和执法尺度,而不能用来抵消职工年休假的权利

4月24日,北京市高级法院与北京市劳动人事争议仲裁委员会联合发布《关于审理劳动争议案件法律适用问题的解答》,进一步统一劳动争议案件裁判标准和执法尺度。《解答》共计26条,其中三条涉及年休假,包括“劳动者要求用人单位支付未休带薪年休假工资的,如何处理”等。

近年来,在未休年休假的问题上,产生一些劳动纠纷。比如,一些“因故”没有休假的职工该如何保障自己的权益?特别是劳动者要求用人单位支付未休带薪年假工资的,应该如何处理?针对这些现实问题,北京发布的《解答》明确,对劳动者应休未休的年休假天数,单位应按照该职工日工资收入的300%支付年休假工资报酬。

应该说,《解答》进一步规范了因未休年休假而引发劳动争议的评判原则和解决依据,尤其是对那些没有休假的职工来说,赋予了一柄维护合法权益的“尚方宝剑”。虽说300%支付未休年休假工资报酬的规定,是平息劳动争议的一个好举措,但笔者并不希望把职工的年休假最终演化成为工资报酬。这是因为,一方面职工年休假是国家法定的假期,也是每个职工应该享有的假期,单位不能保证职工享受年休假,其实已有“违法”之嫌。比如,有的用人单位以工作忙、脱不开等为由,不让职工休年休假;有的职工迫于压力,不敢主动提出休假等。这种把人当作“机器”的现象,显然是不合理的,有违人性化。

另一方面,当今社会节奏快,职工工作压力大,渴望通过年休假放松、调整身心。虽说300%支付工资报酬的规定,对那些未休假的职工进行了经济补偿,但这种超强度、超负荷的劳动模式不值得提倡。值得注意的是,目前中国劳动者的亚健康问题严重,有的职工身体素质和心理透支很大,尤其是近年来“过劳死”问题越来越突出,说明职工的年休假亟待得到落实。此外,从维护劳动者身心健康来说,也应当引导和鼓励用人单位保障职工的年休假。只有那些确因工作岗位特殊和工作需要而不能休假的职工,才能“特事特办”,以300%的年休假工资报酬来作补偿,但这种“补偿”绝不应成为普遍做法,否则只会加剧劳动者的劳动强度和身心疲惫。

为此,用人单位还要正确处理好职工年休假与300%年休假工资报酬补偿之间的关系。300%支付年休假工资报酬,只能是解决劳动纠纷的政策依据,以及劳动争议案件裁判标准和执法尺度,而不应当成为替代年休假的模式,尤其是用300%的年休假工资报酬来抵消职工年休假的权利。俗话说,休息是为了更好地工作。任何工作都是永远干不完的,只有张弛有度,最大限度地满足职工的年休假,才能激发职工的工作热情,也才能创造出更大的价值和财富。(舒心萍)

(责编:孙博洋、夏晓伦)

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