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国办发文 5年内将实现企事业单位排污许可证全覆盖

2016-11-22 00:41:42   经济参考报

近日,国务院办公厅印发《控制污染物排放许可制实施方案》(简称《方案》),对完善控制污染物排放许可制度,实施企事业单位排污许可证管理作出部署。方案明确到2020年,完成覆盖所有固定污染源的排污许可证核发工作,基本建立法律体系完备、技术体系科学、管理体系高效的控制污染物排放许可制,对固定污染源实施全过程和多污染物协同控制,实现系统化、科学化、法治化、精细化、信息化的“一证式”管理。

《方案》提出,要衔接整合相关环境管理制度,将控制污染物排放许可制建设成为固定污染源环境管理的核心制度。通过实施控制污染物排放许可制,实行企事业单位污染物排放总量控制制度,实现由行政区域污染物排放总量控制向企事业单位污染物排放总量控制转变,范围逐渐统一到固定污染源;有机衔接环境影响评价制度,实现从污染预防到污染治理和排放控制的全过程监管;为相关工作提供统一的污染物排放数据,提高管理效能。

据了解,2015年1月我国首次在全国范围推行排污许可证制度,按照规定,所有排污单位只有在取得排污许可证的前提下,才算拥有了合法排污权。对于无证排污,办法明确表示,将按照新《环保法》的规定,对其直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员给予拘留处罚。其中,排污单位包括排放污染物的企业事业单位和其他生产经营者;同时还分为重点排污单位与一般排污单位。排污许可证的许可事项包括允许排污单位排放污染物的种类、浓度和总量。同时,规定其排放方式、排放时间、排放去向,并载明对排污单位的环境管理要求。

环境保护部副部长赵英民不久前表示,虽然环境质量管理取得积极进展,但仍然存在环保管理较为粗放、污染物排放总量过大、超标排放或违法排放等问题,所以要全面推进和完善环境保护各项制度,而第一步就是要建立以排污许可制度为核心的固定源环境管理制度,通过排污许可证监管,为空气质量管理奠定基础。

《方案》要求,规范有序发放排污许可证。制定排污许可管理名录,分行业推进排污许可管理,逐步实现排污许可证全覆盖。

赵英民表示,制定管理名录,实现排污许可全覆盖,同时要逐步将固体废物和环境噪声依法纳入排污许可管理。然后要出台系列技术文件,提高许可证管理的科学性和精细化,规范许可证的申请、核发、执行和监管。此外,还包括推行企业守法承诺,落实企业环保主体责任,形成系统完整、权责清晰、监管有效的污染管理新格局。

《方案》还指出,环境保护部门要加强监督管理。依证严格开展监管执法,重点检查许可事项和管理要求的落实情况,严厉查处违法排污行为;综合运用市场机制政策,引导企事业单位主动削减污染物排放。要强化信息公开和社会监管,2017年基本建成全国排污许可证管理信息平台,及时公开企事业单位自行监测数据和环境保护部门监管执法信息。

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