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北京密集出台共享单车新政 明确自行车禁放区

2017-09-22 10:53:06   国际在线

国际在线消息(实习记者 刘祎彤):针对共享自行车发展过程中出现的问题,北京市近日发布《共享自行车系统技术与服务规范》和《自行车停放区设置技术导则》。这些新规提出,共享单车一般投放使用三年应更新或报废。此外还明确了8种禁止设置自行车停放区的情形。

近年来,共享单车以其费用低廉、低碳环保、方便“最后一公里”出行等特色,深受公众的喜爱。据行业估算,截至目前,北京市已向市场投放的共享单车数量已超过235万辆。但是随着市场规模的不断扩大,共享单车的发展也逐步暴露出一些短板,包括企业无序投放、承租人无序停放、押金缺少监管、集中停放区车位不足、承租人侵占藏匿破坏车辆等问题。记者也在北京街头的共享单车停放区域随机采访了几位市民:

“车子有些损坏的、故障的挺多的,就是扫码之后发现车子是有故障的。”

“其实共享单车的话用不了这么多,而且摆放的确实太多了一些。您像我们这经常送快递嘛,有的时候就需要在大厦、路边停车,本来位置挺空旷的,但是现在的话都被这种共享单车占满了,我们都没有地方停车了。”

“摆放方面没有明确地划分区域,我们都找不到停车位。我早上的时候从小区里发现共享单车竟是坏的,都被别人堆放在树丛中。”

近日北京出台的《共享自行车系统技术与服务规范》对共享自行车质量提出了更高要求:共享自行车一般投放使用三年应更新或报废;同时,企业应对共享自行车进行周期性整备,投入运营的共享自行车完好率应不低于95%。

交通运输部公路科学院公路发展中心副主任王浩表示,此次新规对车辆的基础要求做了诸多限制,主要是为了避免市民在使用共享单车的过程中发生危险。“运行时间长了以后车辆的基础要求达不到,可能会产生安全运营的一些问题。以及车辆的技术状况不好的话,还会影响车辆的外观和城市形象。完好率不低于95%的话,我觉得这主要是针对现在的单车损坏率比较高、服务水平不高的基础上提出来的要求。”

在采访中,一些市民对共享单车的乱停乱放问题表达了不满。对此,最新发布的《自行车停放区设置技术导则》进一步明确了8种禁止设置自行车停放区的情形,包括占用车行道、消防通道、盲道空间,影响正常生产生活秩序的区域,影响通行安全、集散安全的区域等。

王浩表示,共享单车的精髓在于“共享”,而“共享”不仅仅在于单车本身,更重要的是共享城市里面的道路资源。因此限制共享单车在公共场合进行存放、周转和维修,其实是维护了更多市民的利益。“我觉得公共空间是提供给所有人来使用的,共享单车企业如果把公共空间作为它企业运营、维护的场所的话,这就损害了其他人的利益。所以为了保护所有人在公共空间里获得均等的利益,应当禁止企业利用公共空间来做单车的运营、维护。”

在大数据分析和信息共享交换方面,《共享自行车系统技术与服务规范》明确规定企业运营平台应具备大数据分析功能,实时监测车辆运行状态等数据,并将其上报到政府监管及服务平台。

首都经济贸易大学公共管理系副教授张智新认为,这条新规将会促进城市的精细化管理,推动实现“更多人共享”、“绿色出行”的原有宗旨。“我想这条规定是有多方面用处的:一个是说督促共享单车行业内良性竞争,如果(一家企业)在大数据方面比另一个公司更有优势,那么就更符合现有的政策,在行业内可能更有优势,有助于优胜劣汰;更大的好处是有助于政府监管部门、交通主管部门等各方面及时掌握市民出行的大数据,从而形成对交通指挥管理的科学决策和判断提供有力的数据支撑。”

目前,中国已有多个城市陆续出台了近百份政策文件引导共享单车行业的发展。然而,完善的共享单车管理机制,除了需要政府部门不断加强政策上的引导和规范外,企业也应该通过提高技术手段来完善线下及线上的服务管理。

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