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【喜迎十九大•文脉颂中华】70后木偶头雕刻艺人的坚守:会一直寻找传人

2017-09-21 09:52:32   国际在线

光明网泉州9月20日电(记者刘洋)“喜怒哀乐一台戏,寸木窥人生百态。”一寸木偶在三寸舞台上演绎爱恨情仇。被称为“木偶之城”的泉州,不仅有精彩绝伦的木偶艺术表演,还有一些制作木偶头的手艺人。

黄义罗,“木偶之父”江加走的第三代传人,国家级非遗(江加走)木偶头雕刻传承人。他将木偶头造型由280种发展到近400种。

2015年3月19日,黄义罗的匆匆离世,让传承木偶头技艺的重担落在了他的两个女儿身上。

在泉州市鲤城区甲第门文创园区内,一个以江加走木偶头雕刻国家级非遗代表性传承人命名的“黄义罗木偶雕刻坊”悄然开张,而雕刻坊的主要授课人便是黄义罗之女——泉州市级非遗代表性传承人黄雪玲。黄雪玲说希望通过这一平台,让广大市民体验传统技艺,感受民间的美学。

雕刻坊面积不大,但室内布置十分精巧:门口一面墙的隔间里,展示着“生旦净末丑杂”的木偶头,房内还展示有木偶头的历史渊源、雕刻的工序等。而窗台下就是一张长条桌子,桌面上放着各种未完工的木偶头和工具。记者前往采访时,恰好有三名木偶头雕刻爱好者正在制作。

江加走木偶头 邢贺扬摄

曾经学习过美术专业的李玉兰是黄雪玲所收的徒弟之一,在她看来制作木偶头是人生中的一种修行:“第一次接触木偶头制作是在一次展览上,当时看到黄义罗制作的木偶头就产生了兴趣,因此,我坚持每周都会来雕刻坊学习。”与李玉兰一同学习的还有两名大二的大学生。

作为“70后”手工艺人,黄雪玲和姐姐作为木偶头的传人有着与别人不一样的经历。

从小就跟在父亲身边,耳濡目染,黄雪玲和姐姐黄紫燕都学习了木偶头雕刻技艺。从孩提时代跟在父亲后面打下手,到豆蔻年华时向父亲学艺,到如今成了市级技艺传承人,姐妹俩做木偶头已有二十几年。

以前,她们父亲健在的时候,一家四口做木偶;如今,父亲辞世后,母女三人依旧延续这种家庭作坊的模式,而其母亲50多年练出来的手艺为她们创作创新立下了“汗马功劳”。

相较父亲一代,如今黄雪玲她们还通过网络进行推广,让更多人了解木偶头技艺,官方也重视这些传统手工技艺。黄雪玲说,有不少年轻人慕名前来“取经”,“不过最终坚持下来的寥寥无几。”

“江加走木偶头”一度代表着泉州传统木偶头技艺的水平,一个个标注着“黄义罗木偶坊”的特有木偶头也得到不少藏家的认可。现在,已经40多岁的黄雪玲对未来充满着激情和希望:“我一直在寻找适合制作木偶头的人,尝试着扩大目标人群的范围,找到合适的人之后再重点培养。”黄雪玲希望通过这样的办法,可以结识有缘人,将这一传统技艺传承下去。

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