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药品说明书您真读懂了吗?

2017-09-18 08:26:46   中国青年网

看药品说明书时应注意些什么?

药品说明书是由国家食品药品监督管理总局核准,是指导医生和患者选择、使用药品的重要参考,是保障用药安全的重要依据,是具有医学和法律意义的文书。若在服药前不看或者看不懂药品说明书,就会给药品使用者带来安全隐患。看药品说明书时请注意以下几点:

1.看清药品名称: 有时,一种药品有多种药名,如通用名、商品名、别名等。药品的通用名是国家药典采用的法定名称,是不论哪个厂家生产的同种药品都必须使用的名称。商品名是药厂通过注册受法律保护的专有药名。患者只要弄清楚药品的通用名,就能避免重复用药,因为一种药只有一个通用名。

2.注意适应症: 适应症是指药品适用于治疗哪些疾病。一定要注意药品的适应症,只有对症下药,才能达到治病的目的。

3.药品的用法、用量很关键: 不同的药品,服用时间也会有所不同,分饭前、饭后或饭时。饭前指用餐前半小时;饭后指用餐后15分钟—30分钟;饭时指用餐的同时。按要求服药,有利于药品吸收,避免不良反应。药品的用量,根据年龄不同而有所区别。说明书上的用量大都为成人用药的剂量,60岁以上老人通常的用药剂量为成人的3/4,小儿用药剂量比成人少,可根据年龄按成人剂量折算,也可按体重或体表面积计算。

4.重视药品说明书中的禁忌症和注意事项。

5.认真对待药物的不良反应: 药品说明书上所列的不良反应,一般发生率很低,也不是在每个人身上都会发生。出现药物不良反应与很多因素有关,如身体状况、年龄、遗传因素、饮酒等。不要一看到药品说明书上列了一大串不良反应就不敢用药了。用药出现不良反应时,轻微且需继续治疗的,在一边治疗一边观察的同时,可向医师及药师咨询;较严重者应立即停药到医院就诊。

怎么看懂药品说明书上的药物剂量?

“大夫,这药吃几片啊?30mg是多少?”

“这个我真看不懂,您快帮我换算下。”类似这样的问题几乎每天都会有患者提出。的确,说明书上写的mg、g、ml,很多人都没有确切的概念,一旦服用有误,会给患者治疗带来许多麻烦或造成严重后果。所以,看懂药物剂量,正确服药很重要。

首先,学会看懂药品规格。每种药品的包装上都标有规格,如硝苯地平控释片,其规格是30mg×7片,其中,30mg是每片的剂量,7片是这盒药中药片的数量。当医师注明您要每次服用30mg,就说明每次应该服用1片硝苯地平控释片。这时您只要谨记30mg=1片、60mg=2片,简单换算下就可以了。另外,有的药品并非是整片服用,如酒石酸美托洛尔片,其规格是25mg×20片。医嘱:12.5mg/次、一日两次。其中12.5mg是25mg的一半,即一次服用半片,一日服用两次(早晚各服一次)。

所以,在换算用药剂量时,我们首先得看清药品的单位,无论是mg、g还是ml,只要医嘱和包装上的单位是一致的,我们通过正确换算,即可得出准确的服用剂量。当药品为溶液剂型,需要用重量单位计算用量时,得先看清两者之间的关系,如:布洛芬混悬液,规格是100ml:2g,即:100ml=2g,当您需服用0.2g时,服10ml即可。

陕西省食品药品监督管理局

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