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简·奥斯汀版英磅上市流通 有哪些女性上过英镑?

2017-09-15 11:11:48   央广网

当地时间2017年7月18日,英国公布绘有简·奥斯汀肖像的新版10英镑纸钞。2017年是英国著名小说家简·奥斯汀辞世200周年。图片来源:中新网

中国网新闻9月15日讯 据英国BBC网站9月14日报道,新版印有女作家简·奥斯汀的英镑10元货币周四(9月14日)正式上市流通。这标志着英女王之外的女性头像重新回到英国央行发行的英镑中。

上一位出现在英镑上的女性历史人物是19世纪英国社会改革家和慈善家伊丽莎白·弗莱(Elizabeth Fry)。不过这个5英镑上的弗莱头像最近被前英国首相丘吉尔头像所取代。今次简·奥斯汀“取代”的是著名自然学家查尔斯·达尔文。

英国央行行长马克·卡尼说:“我们的货币代表着共同的记忆,这是一座知识库,让大家认识英国辉煌的历史,并展示那些伟大的英国公民所作出的贡献。”

“新的10元英镑赞美了简·奥斯汀的作品。她的小说享誉全球,直至今日仍然和刚发表的时候一样有影响力,” 马克·卡尼说。

英镑上的女性

作为君主立宪制国家,英国法定货币正面一直印有现任君王的肖像画。因此,英女王伊丽莎白二世的肖像最近几十年始终位列各币值英镑纸币的正面上。英国自1950年代发行的“B系列”英镑以来,各币值英镑纸币背面图案一改以往的狮子形象,改以英国历史上著名人物肖像。

除了伊丽莎白二世女王之外,已经有三位女性肖像出现在英镑上。

南丁格尔:1975年,10英磅纸币的背面印上了南丁格尔这为杰出护士的画像和她抢救病患的场景。

伊丽莎白·弗莱:2002年,5英镑纸币。

弗莱是19世纪英国社会改革家,推动了监狱改良运动。1817年,她建立了女囚改革协会,随后引发了英国的女囚改革。由于对推动更加人道地对待囚犯做出的贡献,弗莱被称为“监狱天使”。

2013年,英国央行决定在2016年更换5英镑纸币时,以前首相温斯顿 丘吉尔头像来取代伊丽莎白 弗莱。当时的英国舆论曾经爆发过长时间的争论和抗议,抗议者认为除了英国女王以外,纸币上必须保留有至少一位女性形象。

简·奥斯汀:最新登上英镑的简·奥斯汀同样活跃在19世纪,其知名作品包括《傲慢与偏见》、《爱玛》、《劝导》和《理智与情感》。

在一项“千年作家评选”中,简·奥斯汀被评为仅次于莎士比亚的十大作家之一。奥斯汀最出名的小说《傲慢与偏见》总计销售已超过2000万册。

新版10英镑正面除了英女王伊丽莎白二世的肖像外,还有奥斯汀安葬处温彻斯特大教堂。钞票背面则印有奥斯汀的肖像,底部印上了《傲慢与偏见》中的一句话:“我敢说,所有事情没有比读书更令人愉悦的。”这句话出自《傲慢与偏见》中的女性人物卡罗琳·宾利(Caroline Bingley)。她事实上对书毫无兴趣,只是试图用语言来打动可能的追求者达西先生。

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