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造血能力低下 天山生物收购标的关联交易复杂

2017-09-10 09:03:41   中国经济网

“2015年、2016年持续两年业绩亏损,今年上半年扣非后净利润依然亏损277.2万元。”站在退市悬崖边缘的天山生物,拟以24.36亿元的价格并购主要从事公共交通系统广告媒体资源运营的大象股份98.80%股权,溢价金额超过了11亿元,这对于今年中期货币资金仅有9272.36万元的天山生物而言,资金压力可谓不低。

借应收账款计提粉饰业绩 

在并购预案中,天山生物并没有披露大象股份财务报表的应收账款科目,只是在风险提示环节表示,根据经审计的2015年、2016年审计报告及2017年1~6月未经审计的财务报表,报告期各期末,标的公司应收账款分别为2.40亿元、3.42亿元和3.52亿元。而在上述周期内,该公司实现的营业收入金额分别为4.03亿元,5.99亿元和2.78亿元,应收账款占营业收入比例分别为59.68%、57.15%和126.69%。这意味着,大象股份在2015年和2016年中差不多有6成的收入在当年不能被收回,而在2017年上半年,新老债权加起来甚至已经超过了当期营收。

相较同行业上市公司思美传媒,2015年、2016年和2017年1~6月,其应收账款占营业收入的比例则分别为27.10%、17.13%、58.93%;引力传媒在上个周期内应收账款占营业收入的比例分别为15.52%、9.59%和20.26%;腾信股份应收账款算是偏多的,在以上个周期内应收账款占营业收入的比例分别达到49.55%、36.44%和71.08%。很显然,大象股份应收账款占营业收入的比例与同行业公司相比明显偏高,这意味着大象股份的应收账款风险是值得警惕的。

我们知道,企业应收账款过高,如果不能如期收回,将会给公司带来很大的坏账风险。正常情况下,为了避免这种损失,企业一般都会对应收账款进行合理比例的坏账准备计提,以应对可能发生的风险。那么,对于应收账款风险不低的大象股份来说,其又是如何进行坏账计提的呢?

在天山生物披露的并购预案中,公司并未提及大象股份应收账款坏账准备计提情况,不过在大象股份披露的年报中却有相关介绍。从内容来看,大象股份对于1年以内的应收账款坏账计提比例为0.5%,其他应收账款计提比例为5%;1~2年应收账款计提比例为10%,2~3年为20%……数据显示,同为广告行业的思美传媒、引力传媒、腾信股份3家公司1年以内的应收账款计提比例均为5%,要知道以上3家公司的应收账款占营业收入的比例在报告期内却是要远低于大象股份的,相比之下,大象股份1年以来的0.5%坏账计提政策可谓是相当激进。那么,大象股份为什么要不顾风险,采用激进政策低比例计提应收账款坏账准备呢?

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