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《奇幻科学城》奇妙实验 热胀冷缩引绿泡泡惊叹

2017-09-08 09:32:27   中国网

奇幻博士团

神器大教授 卢小丰

冰与火之歌

中国网娱乐9月8日讯 热胀冷缩这四个字看似平常,实则潜藏着无限神奇。细小棉线如何利用此原理进行玻璃瓶切割?砸不坏的铁桶在何种情况下会被一秒钟被压扁?消失的汤匙究竟是魔术还是科学?本周五晚22:00辽宁卫视《奇幻科学城》邀请到了清华大学航天航空学院工程热物理博士卢小丰,和知名节目主持人“绿泡泡”强强联手,带领好奇萌娃团,一起解开这重重谜团,了解热胀冷缩的秘密。

世界首支温度计原理惊人 铁桶为何一秒变瘪

热胀冷缩是一种极为普遍的物理现象,充分利用其原理,能够便捷人们的生活。节目开始卢小丰就利用此原理徒手打开红酒震撼全场,同时介绍称生活中利用最典型的例子就是温度计,博士团由此提出疑问“世界上第一支温度计的工作原理是什么?”有的萌娃分析到不可能是利用煤油,因为煤油会爆炸,空气就更不可能起这个作用,有的则认为就是合理利用空气。卢小丰公布答案,世界上第一支温度计是利用了空气的热胀冷缩,并现场展示了空气如何利用热胀冷缩完成测温,萌娃们都大呼神奇。随后博士团用简易装置演示了风如何形成,彻底激发了萌娃对热胀冷缩的兴趣。

相对于气体热胀冷缩反应的“冷静”,液体的热胀冷缩与物质发生的现象更为剧烈。面对博士团提出“如果将加热的铁桶扣入以下哪种物质中会被迅速压扁?”的问题,萌娃各有巧思,有的萌娃猜测根据热胀冷缩的原理,认为当加热铁桶遇见温度极低的液氮时,会迅速压扁,有的则认为温度不能太低,冰块就能够让铁桶迅速变扁。卢小丰并不直接公布答案,而是将铁桶分别放入液氮、冰块和常温水中,铁桶竟然在常温水中立即变扁,现场惊叹连连。卢小丰解释到这是因为铁桶在加热过程中加了水,随着温度升高,水变成了水蒸汽,当水蒸汽倒扣过来时,由于铁桶中的水蒸汽已经被全部排出,遇到常温的水迅速冷凝,体积收缩,桶内气压迅速降低,在大气压的挤压下,铁桶就会变瘪。

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