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[砥砺奋进的五年·我的故事]大病医保撑起的生命蓝天

2017-09-08 08:27:30   央广网

央广网北京9月8日消息(记者陈屹 遵义台记者李俊)据中国之声《新闻纵横》报道,2013年,习近平总书记在会见世界卫生组织总干事陈冯富珍时,向全世界宣示:“我们将迎难而上,进一步深化医药卫生体制改革,探索医改这一世界性难题的中国式解决办法,着力解决人民群众看病难、看病贵,基本医疗卫生资源均衡配置等问题,致力于实现到2020年人人享有基本医疗卫生服务的目标,不断推进全面建设小康社会进程。”

没有全民健康,就没有全面小康。一个人的健康关系着个体乃至家庭的命运前途,13亿人的健康则决定着国家和民族的未来。

国际医学权威杂志《柳叶刀》的数据显示,2011年中国灾难性医疗支出的发生比例为12.9%。对于很多贫困家庭来说,如果看一场大病动辄十几万几十万,就很可能因病致贫、因病返贫。如何解决我国原有医疗救助制度“杯水车薪”的问题?过去五年,全国各地积极推进中国特色的大病保险制度,力图破解“看大病难”。

贵州十岁男孩胡镓豪一家的命运,就在这样的背景下悄然改变。2012年12月,一则《十岁男孩为母亲撑起一片天》的报道,让许多人听后五味杂陈。贵州山区10岁孩子胡镓豪独自照顾身患尘肺病的母亲杨能芬,人们为少年一片孝心深深感动的同时,也为这个因病致贫、陷入困境的家庭感到揪心。

2017年8月,在贵州省仁怀市茅台镇岩滩村杨能芬家,新建的二层楼房前,杨能芬和她已经15岁的小儿子胡镓豪正在给过往的车辆冲洗。杨能芬变胖了一些,脸色也比5年前红润。杨能芬说五年过去,自己的身体和生活都有了不小的变化。“生活刚开始很难,后来慢慢好起来了。现在我的身体蛮好的,以前的疤痕还在但是没有发展。”

杨能芬的丈夫2011年患尘肺病去世,一年后杨能芬被查出患尘肺病已到第三期,她深知这病对自己意味着什么。家有老母,孩子年幼,债台高筑,看着床前正在为自己洗脚的小儿子胡镓豪,杨能芬流着泪盘算着如何把孩子送人:“那时没钱,我老公死的时候是2011年,背了些账,刚开始我焦急我的婆婆妈,最重要的是两个儿子。”

“辛辛苦苦三十年,一病回到解放前”,当时杨能芬的处境正是很多普通家庭遭遇大病陷入困境的一个缩影。

幸运的是,杨能芬的困境2012年经过媒体报道后受到相关部门的高度重视。那一年8月,国家六部委联合发文推行大病保险,大病医保报销比例被要求不低于50%。杨能芬所在的贵州省,有5个地市参与了试点。贵州省卫计委基层卫生处处长刘岚介绍,“我们实地去了解,这个家庭长期外出务工,她在当地没有参加新农合,当年采取了一个特殊民政的医疗救助,把她当年的医疗费用全部解决了。当时政府代她缴了参合费用,保障了第二年她全家全部参加新型农村医疗保险。”

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