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豆浆不能取代牛奶的营养价值
2017-09-08 04:01:44 中国青年网
《中国居民膳食指南》建议国人每天饮牛奶300克。但有些人不喜欢牛奶的味道,想每天喝一杯豆浆来代替牛奶。豆浆的营养可否完全替代牛奶呢?对此,专家表示,豆浆和牛奶是不同种类食物,不能互相替代。
据专家介绍,豆浆中的蛋白质含量与牛奶相当,易于消化吸收;其饱和脂肪酸、碳水化合物含量低于牛奶,不含胆固醇,含有丰富的植物化学物,适合老年人及心血管患者饮用,也是女性朋友的天然激素补充剂。
不过,豆浆中钙的含量远低于牛奶,锌、硒、维生素A、维生素B2含量也比牛奶低。据湖南中医药大学第一附属医院营养科一级营养师蔡年中介绍,100毫升的原豆浆,含钙量为25毫克左右;100毫升的牛奶,含钙量为101毫克左右。大豆制成豆浆后,钙含量被稀释,豆浆的含钙量仅为牛奶的10%左右。牛奶中除了富含钙质外,还富含维生素A和维生素D,帮助钙合成,进而调节体内钙的代谢,维持血清钙浓度,增进骨骼的钙化。所以牛奶中的钙质在天然食物中也是最容易吸收的一种,从牛奶中获取钙也是最容易的一种方式。牛奶的补钙效果比豆浆好很多。从补钙的角度来说,牛奶补钙效果更优。
牛奶中含有丰富的活性钙,是人类最好的钙源之一。对于中老年人来说,牛奶还有一大好处,就是与许多动物性蛋白的胆固醇含量较高相比,牛奶中胆固醇的含量较低;同时,牛奶中某些成分还能抑制肝脏制造胆固醇的数量,使得牛奶还有降低胆固醇的作用。
“牛奶和豆浆,各有各的优点,两者可以相互补充,但不能相互代替。”专家表示,如果因为某些身体原因喝牛奶后会产生不适,这类人群喝豆浆补充蛋白质也是不错的选择。总体而言,如果没有特别的原因,最好每天多喝豆浆和牛奶。
(陈英 江晓)
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