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公共政策 “慎落子”才能“少悔棋”

2017-09-07 08:17:31   中国青年网

新华时论

6日媒体报道,在实施了不到一周后,青岛交警取消了为“暴走团”封路的举措。此前,为给“暴走团”让路,青岛交警对部分机动车道实行了限行,但这一举措受到舆论广泛质疑。

公共政策实施之后不得不立即终止,青岛的“封路限行”远不是孤例。比如,有地方决定对“草原天路”收费,因为群众意见大,实施不久就被叫停;有的地方制定“零首付买房”政策,仅实施了半天即告作废;还有一些地方出台的诸如“禁狗令”、“居民复婚不得举办婚宴”、“对离婚者实行‘限号’办理”等政策,均因受到舆论强烈质疑而不得不草草收场。公共政策甫一出台就“悔棋”,而且不是一例两例,催人深思。

应该说,舆论一有质疑,立即叫停政策,这种闻过则改、对群众意见听而善纳的态度是好的。但是,公共政策影响面大、涉及面广,具有很强的严肃性。不管是哪项政策,从酝酿到出台面世都要占用许多公共资源,耗费大量人力物力,结果政策刚刚出台立即废止,这是对公共资源的极大浪费。更为重要的是,身为公共部门却出尔反尔,言而无信,这无疑是对地方形象和政府公信力的极大伤害。如何让公共政策变得科学一些,避免政策“短命”,应该是提高地方行政科学化水平、改善地方治理能力不容回避的课题。

如果对那些被叫停的政策作一番梳理,不难发现,这些政策之所以沦为“短命政策”,有的是因为好心办了坏事——照顾了“暴走团”的利益,却损害了开车人的路权;有的是因为法治意识缺乏,以公权力干预私生活,管了“复婚者办不办酒席”这种不该管也管不好的事;有的是为了蝇头小利,在不该收费的地方擅自收费,等等。但是,不管哪一种情况,有一点是共同的,就是政策出台缺乏科学的论证和必要的听证,成为少数人关起门来拍脑袋决策的产物。归根结底,政策的科学化、民主化、规范化水平不足,设若政策出台之前都能听一听百姓的意见、专家的看法、社会各方的议论,就不可能陷入“刚出台即叫停”的被动尴尬局面。

公共政策事关公共利益,事关地方形象和政府威信。出台政策犹如高手下棋,只有“慎落子”才能“少悔棋”。所谓“慎落子”,不是不要出台政策,而是政策出台必须严肃、认真、谨慎,最起码在出台之前启动“千里眼”和“顺风耳”,听一听各方尤其是专家的意见。政策成文之后,不妨让政策的“子弹”先飞一会儿,通过放一些“试探的气球”,试一试“水温”,倾听各方的反响,再杀一杀“回马枪”,对政策作进一步的修改、完善。只有这样,政策才不至于中途夭折。

值得一提的是,随着全面依法治国的推进,全社会法治意识不断提高,政策制定的合法性审查变得越来越重要。一些政策之所以不得不叫停,就是因为有违法治要求,甚至公然与上位法相违。为提高各级政府的法治化水平,现在不少地方政府都聘请了法律顾问,让出台的政策合情合理又合法,这无疑是减少政策“悔棋”的必要之举。

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