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科学运动预防肥胖和超重

2017-09-06 15:11:46   中国青年网

据最新监测数据显示,北京市18到79岁常住居民超重率为35.6%,肥胖率为21.9%,而超重肥胖是引发高血压、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病等许多慢性病的重要危险因素。研究结果证明,健康的生活方式是预防肥胖和超重的关键,根据自身情况科学地选择运动方式也十分重要。

首先科学的运动生活习惯是指日常生活少静多动。比如体育运动、选择步行、骑车为主的出行方式,承担家务劳动,减少久坐等静态活动。

其次需要养成规律运动的习惯。规律的运动可以促进心肺、肌肉骨骼健康,增强身体平衡、协调能力。定期进行一定强度的运动,不同人群和个人需要选择不同的运动方式,例如, 5到17岁的儿童和青少年每天应进行至少累计60分钟中等到较高强度身体活动,每周至少进行3次较高强度运动。18岁以上成年人每周进行至少150分钟中等强度有氧运动,每周至少应有2次进行大肌肉群抗阻运动。活动能力较弱的中老年人,每周至少应有3次进行提高平衡能力和预防跌倒的锻炼。

再次,主动进行关节柔韧性活动和抗阻力锻炼,能够预防关节疼痛和僵硬。普通人的抗阻力活动主要针对身体的大肌肉群,包括上肢、肩、胸、背、腰、腹、臀、下肢。可结合日常工作生活进行功能练习,如上下台阶、步行、拎抬重物、伸够高物、蹲起、坐起、弯腰、转体、踮脚伸颈望远等。

但是,需要注意的是,骨关节疾患或其他有关疾患的病人参加运动应咨询专科医生。同时,肌肉和关节不宜过于频繁屈曲和伸展。在运动的同时,应采取必要的防护措施,避免运动损伤。有特殊需要或者患有不同慢性疾病的人参加身体活动,应首先征求专业人员的建议。

本报记者 田晶

信息来源:北京市卫生计生委疾控处

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