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“红颜杀手”早期检出率不足三成

2017-09-06 06:02:04   中国青年网

近日,湖北省卫生计生委在襄阳公布“湖北省农村妇女‘两癌’筛查”阶段性数据。作为全国最早试点之一,湖北省启动该项目8年以来,已有426万人接受了宫颈癌筛查,筛出癌前病变2332例,宫颈癌505例;192万人接受了乳腺癌筛查,筛出癌前病变208例,乳腺癌469例。

“将防线前移,早发现早治疗,‘两癌’5年存活率可以达到90%以上。”省卫生计生监察专员徐健表示,两癌筛查和常规体检的推广,使得早期病人的检出率不断增高。

尽管如此,记者从武汉多家医院获悉,目前医院接诊的早期乳腺癌患者不足三成,早期宫颈癌更是连一成都不到。

湖北省妇幼保健院妇瘤科主任吴绪峰教授指出,宫颈癌和乳腺癌都能够通过筛查及早发现,并通过早期治疗完全治愈。

乳腺癌以每年 的速度递增

乳癌风险

每年3%的速度递增

●晚婚晚育

●生育次数减少

●哺乳时间缩短

●精神压力大

●饮食和作息不规律

湖北省乳腺病防治中心主任、省肿瘤医院乳腺科主任医师吴新红介绍,女性恶性肿瘤中,乳腺癌发病率位列之首。截至上世纪九十年代,我国一直是乳腺癌低发国。但近20年来,乳腺癌的发病翻了几番,目前正以每年3%的速度递增。

乳腺癌的飙升与现代女性生活方式的变化密不可分。吴新红介绍,晚婚晚育、生育次数减少、哺乳时间缩短增加了罹患乳腺癌的风险。职场女性精神压力大,加上不规律的饮食和作息,容易引起内分泌紊乱,也增加了患癌风险。省肿瘤曾对近五年住院患者统计发现,32%的乳腺癌患者确诊时不满45岁。

与发病率逐年上升形成鲜明对比的是,湖北省乳腺癌死亡率呈现出逐年下降趋势。吴新红解释,这与公众健康意识的提高和医疗水平增强有关。乳腺癌早期发现,经过及时干预,超过90%的患者可以存活5年以上。常规体检和乳腺癌筛查的推广,使得早期病人比例不断增高。

省妇幼乳腺科主任陈波告诉记者,每年来做乳腺体检的女性有4万人,能发现100多例乳腺癌,占住院乳腺癌病人的一半。其中,三成左右的患者是早期。“与10年前有着天壤之别。”陈波说,那时接诊的乳癌病人,九成以上都是中晚期,很多人连手术机会都没有。

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