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脸盲症或源于“看脸”少

2017-09-06 06:01:50   中国青年网

据新华社电

患脸盲症的人会辨不清人脸。美国哈佛大学医学院一项新研究显示,这种症状可能源于婴幼儿时期“看脸”少。

研究人员饲养了两组猕猴。第一组作为对照组,按正常方式长大。它们婴儿时期与母亲在一起,长大一些后与同龄猴子一起玩耍,在成长过程中也会接触到人类。第二组则从生下来后就只和人在一起。人用奶瓶喂养它们,陪它们玩,但是在做这一切时都戴着面具,使这些猴子既没看过人脸,也没看过猴脸。

两组猴子长到200天时,研究人员通过功能性磁共振成像观察猴子大脑中掌管识别脸和识别手、物体、场景、身体等其他对象的专门区域的发育状况,发现第一组猴子各个区域发育正常,第二组猴子除识别脸以外的区域发育正常。

接下来,研究人员给两组猴子看人和猴的照片。第一组猴子盯着照片中的脸看,第二组则爱看手。功能性磁共振成像结果显示,第二组猴子大脑中管识别手的区域比识别其他对象的区域大。

按照以往被学术界广泛接受的观点,“看脸”是与生俱来的能力。这一观点现在受到这项新研究的挑战。

研究牵头人玛格丽特·利文斯通说,大脑似乎善于识别一个人经常看到的事物,对于从未看过或很少看过的事物则不容易辨认。

研究人员说,自闭症儿童不爱看人脸,可能导致他们缺乏辨认人脸的能力,从而使他们更不愿意与人交往。尽早采取干预措施,鼓励他们多看人脸,或许可以缓解他们的病情。

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