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如此追星当心侵权

2017-09-06 03:26:49   中国青年网

韩雪

歌手杨坤在其个人微博上曝光一女粉丝连续三个月蹲守在他家门口,还三次来撬房门。杨坤不禁抱怨“忍无可忍”只得报警,可是女粉丝第二天从警局出来继续上门骚扰。

明星外表光鲜,但既有狂热粉丝全天候追随,更有专业“狗仔”24小时相伴。家门口蹲守跟踪、路上围追堵截、酒店偷拍偷录、午夜电话骚扰,曝光个人及家人信息几乎是家常便饭。有的明星甚至还遭遇粉丝一路跟踪后别车逼停,险些造成交通事故。

明星作为公众人物,生活在聚光灯之下,主要是通过传媒而广为人知并获取名利的,他们的隐私也往往是人们关注和渴望了解的热点,因此,公众人物自然要付出一些个人隐私作为代价,其隐私权要做出适当让渡。

但是,法律面前人人平等,明星也是公民,其隐私权受到限制,并不说明就将其排除在法律保护之外。隐私权指公民享有的生活安宁与私人信息依法受到保护,不被他人非法侵扰、知悉、搜集、利用、公开的一种人身权利。一般说来,对明星年龄、兴趣嗜好、婚恋状况等个人信息的真实披露,不构成对其隐私权的侵犯;而那些违背事实真相,捕捉八卦、花边新闻,侵犯明星私人空间、披露严重损害明星名誉和人格尊严的个人信息,或是为了增加潜在的商业利益而炒作的行为,则构成侵犯其隐私权。

我国法律对隐私权的保护散见于相关的法律和司法解释之中。比如宪法规定公民的人格尊严不受侵犯;公民的住宅不受侵犯、禁止非法侵入公民住宅;公民的通信自由与通信秘密依法受到保护。最高法《关于审理名誉权案件若干问题的解答》规定,对未经他人同意,擅自公布他人的隐私材料或以书面、口头形式宣扬他人隐私,致人名誉受到损害的,应按照侵害他人名誉处理。治安管理处罚法规定,有偷窥、偷拍、窃听、散布他人隐私行为的,处五日以下拘留或者五百元以下罚款,情节较重的,处五日以上十日以下拘留,可以并处五百元以下罚款。

粉丝追星虽是个人行为,但必须以不侵害他人的权利为前提;“狗仔”爆料虽然满足了公众好奇心,但也需适可而止,在法律的框架内进行。要改变这些乱象,首先应鼓励更多明星拿起法律武器通过法律途径来维护自身的合法权利。相关部门也要完善隐私权保护方面的法律规定,明确界定公众人物的隐私权范围,让保护公众人物隐私权的理念深入人心;此外,明星和经纪公司的造星方式也需要反思。正是由于一些明星和经纪人平时喜欢以曝光隐私来刷存在感,提升知名度,才给粉丝造成了巨大暗示,助长了“贴身式”追星的疯狂。改变急功近利的造星方式,不仅是为了营造健康娱乐圈的需要,也是保护明星自身权利的需要。

(作者单位:北京市丰台区检察院)

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