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集体租赁住房可多赢

2017-09-04 09:10:53   中国青年网

陈杏

国土资源部8月28日发布《利用集体建设用地建设租赁住房试点方案》(下称“方案”),在北京、上海、沈阳、南京、杭州、合肥、厦门、郑州、武汉、广州、佛山、肇庆、成都等13个城市开展利用集体建设用地建设租赁住房试点。

近年来,随着大城市流动人口的增加,高昂的房价和有限的租赁房源催生了“租房贵、租房难”的难题,困扰着城市的“打拼一族”。在这样的时代背景下,增加租赁土地供应,增加住房紧张的城市特别是特大和超大城市的住房供给,缓解住房供需矛盾的国家政策应运而生。

用集体土地供应出租房是实现“多赢”的良策。相较于目前房地产开发商开发商品房用于出租1%-2%的年收益,集体用地建设的租赁房,在租金市场化的情况下,可以达到年投资回报率5%以上,对于集体产权拥有者来说,可以获得稳定回报。

在租赁市场引入集体建设用地,有助于扩大试点城市租赁房源供应,构建购租并举的住房体系,对房租上涨或起到一定抑制作用。同时,村镇集体经济组织可以自行开发运营或联营、入股建设租赁住房,有助于调动集体组织和房地产开发企业积极性。租购并举发展,未来也会抑制房价上涨,让住房回归其居住的功能。

鼓励集体用地建设租赁房,有利于提高用地指标紧张的城市加快租赁房源供应的可能性。试点城市基本都属于一、二线城市,这些城市的国有土地相对紧张,而部分区域存在城中村等集体土地,如果这部分的建房能进入租赁市场,将有利于房源供应,也有利于城中村改造。

试点集体建设用地建租赁房的城市多为发展规模较大的一二线城市,政策的出台增加了这些城市近郊区的发展机会,产业和企业的布局较多地围绕在近郊区市场上。对于可以引入租房市场的土地要求,方案明确指出,项目用地应当符合城乡规划、土地利用总体规划及村土地利用规划,以存量土地为主,不得占用耕地。严格讲是按权属确定的,必须是集体经济组织、村民小组以及乡集体经济组织所有的土地。这些制度设计,意在避免危及粮食生产安全及土地化公为私等风险,需在试点中切实把握。

要想使方案真正发挥作用,我们还需完善集体租赁住房建设和运营机制,兼顾政府、农民集体、企业和个人利益,理清权利义务关系,平衡项目收益与征地成本关系等,让其真正发挥利国利民之功。

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