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草根经济 的活力

2017-09-04 04:15:57   中国青年网

五六年前搬到现住小区时,西侧沿街比较冷清。那条140米长的马路,对面都是围墙,没有商铺。小区一侧沿街,只开出五六家小店,卖些烟酒、早点、杂货等,多数街面房待字闺中。

就这五六年间,小区外的沿街商业慢慢地活跃起来,进而兴旺。马路北端是一个写字楼集聚区,因此早上和傍晚,很是有一些年轻上班族路过。于是小区西侧的这些街面房,至今开出了主要做早点的6家饮食小铺子,还有一家24小时便利店有饮食功能,实际上是7家。如此密集的饮食小铺子,早高峰时,仍需排队。

迎合需求是任何商业发展的生命。然而寻找、发现和创造需求,是要作出艰苦努力的。搬来没多久,这条街上就开出了一家打印店,两三年前又开出一家。有一天觉得那些伙计的口音有点奇怪,了解才知他们都是湖南人。后来读到一篇北大博士论文,说湖南新化的复印打印军团,占据了全中国85%的市场份额,与中国快递的桐庐帮有得一拼。我偶尔会去复印或打印些东西,感觉价格低廉,服务很好,贴近需求,生意当然兴隆。

这条街的商业生态转型,或可说是当下经济转型的一个缩影。最早是一家古典风格装修的时尚咖啡店,大概觉得小区品质较高,会很有需求。然而小区白天以老人小孩为主,晚上那些时尚男女应酬过后回家,都不太可能光顾。这些年来,我仅去过一次,是朋友找我商量稿子借这场地的。而这店要吸引别处顾客,何其之难。咖啡店虽仍坚守,但早就开始卖女性时装,这一两年又做绘画生意,咖啡已非主业,三间门面有一间半改为饮食小铺子,三间店堂只剩下一间半多。

说到坚守,如看清趋势且商品和服务对路,转机定会出现。小区外现兼营饮食的那家24小时便利店,是四五年前在一家以销售食品为主的杂货店之后开设的。因已有同业,加之价格不便宜,觉得他们开不了多久。没想到那装修洋气的杂货店,很快转让了,改成了湖南人的打印店。而那便利店,起先并未因杂货店关闭而有转机。是随着北端写字楼集聚区人气渐旺,小区居民消费方式改变,才终于火了起来。生意好时,小小店堂挤满了人。

小猫钓鱼,见异思迁,商界大忌。然而在这坚守当中,有着民间不急于求成、以时间换收益的智慧。我一位朋友的小店,生意一直不温不火,我们劝他放弃算了。但他说,对面的大厦两年后就造好了,客流就会增加,听说现在生意好了许多。

街上那家丽水人小超市即因这种民间妙算而获正果。小区距联华超市仅15分钟,所以当小超市三四年前开出来时,觉得很奇怪,因为仅房租一年就要三四十万元。可是慢慢地,生意居然好起来了。与老板闲聊,说是边上有几家学校,从各地来的学生经常会来买些日用品。小区居民也逐渐接受适应,去购物的频率明显提高。小超市近来又新增了现煮美味食品,新雇了两三个营业员。

草根经济是改革开放近40年修成的正果,正是其活力、转型和坚守,加之其他积极因素,才使得中国经济并未出现海外一度曾甚嚣尘上的“硬着陆”。

前些天与北京的编辑说到中国经济“浅V”回升,她连问几个为什么,我笨嘴拙舌一时答不上来。后来细想,这主要是三个成果的累积:一是草根活力为主的改革成果;二是收入增长相对加快为主的转型成果;三是舶来知识为主的开放成果,年进口1.5万亿元人民币的集成电路,虽是物质产品,却是最新知识。

草根活力是这三大成果中的最主要因素。然而成果累积作用发挥是有时效的,不仅需要“保鲜”,还要深化推进。中国经济达到今天这样居世界第二位,人均GDP达美国1/7多的水平,需要进一步肯定和明确草根经济的积极贡献和主体地位。只有这样,才能使其对未来有更积极预期,加快转型,增强活力,促进中国经济顺风顺水走向未来。

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