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马尕主麻:是“果儿”更是传承者
2017-09-01 09:27:34 中国青年网
每道工序力求完美。
交流夹钢技巧。
腰刀制作过程全部由手工完成。
保安语中,把打制各种金属器具的工匠称为“果儿”。马尕主麻就是一名专门打制保安腰刀的“果儿”。
保安腰刀与维吾尔族英吉沙刀、阿昌族户撒刀并称我国少数民族三大名刀,保安腰刀制作工艺是保安族最重要的非物质文化遗产。
在积石山保安族东乡族撒拉族自治县大河家镇一家面积不大的临街腰刀店里,马尕主麻正在埋头雕琢着一把腰刀。生于积石山县,长于积石山脚下的马尕主麻自幼受到父亲的影响,对保安腰刀情有独钟,在保安腰刀打造方面有着高超的技艺。
说起保安腰刀的发展历史,马尕主麻如数家珍,讲起保安腰刀的锻制技艺更是滔滔不绝……一把保安腰刀要经过炼铁、夹钢、锻打、淬火、打磨、开刃等几十道工序,并配以具有民族特色的刀把和刀鞘才能完成。
马尕主麻的微信朋友圈分享的大多数是关于保安腰刀的内容:“晒”自己新打造的腰刀、分享腰刀的发展趋势等。随着网络的发展,他尝试通过网店等电子商务的方式,把自己制作的腰刀销售到国内外。
正因为有像马尕主麻这样年轻工匠的继承,使得保安腰刀手工技艺代代相传。2015年11月,马尕主麻被命名为“国家级非物质文化遗产保安腰刀锻制技艺省级传承人”。
如今,每年都有学徒跟着马尕主麻学习。他悉心传授着制刀技术,一心想着把这种代表民族的手工技艺一代代传承下去。本报记者 盛学卿
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