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主治“不读书、少读书”

2017-09-01 08:26:11   中国青年网

先学“天地人” 再学“aoe”

翻开小学语文新教材,原本占据第一课的“a o e”被“天、地、人、你、我、他、金、木、水、火、土”取代。今年上小学一年级的孩子们将先认汉字,开学一个多月后再学拼音。对此,温儒敏讲道,“一年级先学拼音,有可能伤害孩子语文学习的兴趣。”

过去都是一年级刚上学就学拼音,然后再用拼音去认字,这回的改变体现一种更切实的教学理念。其实,传统的语文教育都是从认字开始,是在没有注音帮助的情况下进行的。以前蒙学的办法,就是让孩子反复诵读,慢慢就会认字了。部编本多少有点回归传统。为什么这样安排?温儒敏讲道,“第一印象”不是字母abc,而是汉字“天地人”,这个顺序的改变是别有意味的,“要帮助孩子们建立对汉字原初的感觉,拼音只是辅助认识汉字的工具”, 要进一步激发孩子学习语文的兴趣。

温儒敏介绍说,认写分流,多认少写,不只减轻孩子的负担,更有学理的根据,目标是小学生到二年级下学期就可以独立阅读。

培养读书兴趣,主治“不读书,少读书”

据悉,语文教材采取“语文素养”和“人文精神”双线组元的方式编排。以人文主题为线索,统筹安排,有利于发挥语文学科进行思想教育和情感教育的优势;将语文素养作为另一条线索,精选典范文本,安排必要知识,优化学习策略,有利于促进学生语言文字运用能力的发展。

鼓励多读、多背、多诵古诗文

新教材备受关注的变化之一是古诗文篇目占比较重。小学6个年级12册共有古诗文129篇,平均每个年级20篇,约占课文总数的30%。初中语文古诗文选篇132篇。选文体裁多样,从《诗经》到清人诗作,从诸子散文到历史散文,从两汉论文到唐宋古文、明清小品文,均有呈现。

小学古诗文比以前课本有所增加,小学生学习压力会不会很大呢?温儒敏解释道,小学语文教材中适当增加古诗文,一是为加强文化传承,二是教学需要。“小学阶段是孩子们记忆力最好的时候,他可以不太理解,但是让他多读、多背、多诵,能为以后提升语文素养打好基础。”

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