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北理工研发“自加热”动力电池 解决冬奥会电动汽车续驰难题

2017-09-01 07:46:10   央广网

人民网北京8月31日电 (记者 赵英梓)今天,以北京理工大学为首的电动汽车技术团队发布了新能源汽车与低温电池技术成果,该成果是面向冬奥环境研发的,将让电动汽车不再“怕冷”。 -30℃时该成果电池系统基于自加热的方式在几十秒内使电池温度上升到0℃以上,彻底解决了电动汽车在冬季续驶里程急剧下降等诸多难题。

据北京科委相关负责人介绍,作为2022年冬奥会举办地之一的张家口地区,冬季平均温度处于-10℃左右,而崇礼室外赛区在极寒时温度将降至-23℃。再加上,北京冬奥会河北赛区地形主要为山区,复杂路况和低智能化制约了电动汽车在北京冬奥会中的大规模应用。

"面对低温条件,电动车辆动力电池的充、放电特性将变差,容量和寿命也会衰减,进而导致车辆续驶里程及整车动力性能显著下降,充电时间明显延长。"电动车辆国家工程实验室主任、北京市新能源汽车联席会专家组首席专家孙逢春教授表示,目前解决电动汽车动力电池低温应用方面,主要解决方案是采用外部加热方式,但是这种电池加热系统能耗高、时间长、效率低、效果差。

为克服新能源汽车在冬奥会中使用的诸多挑战。北京理工大学、中信国安盟固利动力科技有限公司和美国EC POWER公司合作开发了超低温区域带自加热技术的锂离子动力电池系统产品并进行产业化量产。孙逢春教授介绍,该电池系统可适用于更低的温度,-30℃时基于自加热的方式在几十秒内使电池温度上升到0℃以上,从而激活动力电池的正常应用,该技术通过物理方法解决电池低温问题,适用于各种电池体系,彻底解决了电动汽车在冬季续驶里程急剧下降、无法启动、衰减、安全隐患等诸多难题,对电动汽车的发展具有里程碑的意义。

同时,在北京市科委支持下,北京市新能源汽车项目团队计划2017年完成搭载全气候电池和低温增焓冷暖空调的新能源大客车、豪华中巴车和轿车原理样车的研制;2018年春节前,完成全气候新能源汽车在高寒地区(东北漠河或内蒙等)的验证试验。预计至2020年共完成4种车型共11辆产品样车的开发,并获得产品公告并投入试验示范应用。最终,将以新能源汽车为基础和主线,重点攻关智能新能源汽车的研制和示范。

此外,北京理工大学还与湖南华强电气股份有限公司合作开展低温补气增焓技术的应用研究,与PTC制热相比,具有宽温区、高能效、安全性好等特点,解决温度受限及能效低的难题,可以满足冬奥电动汽车低温环境制热的要求。

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