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心肺复苏能赢得抢救时间提高患者生存几率

2017-09-01 05:51:07   中国青年网

肌细胞死亡。心肌梗死高发于吸烟、高血压、高血脂、糖尿病、肥胖以及有家族史的中老年男性及绝经后女性。记者在采访中了解到,50%以上的患者在发病前数日出现乏力,胸部不适,活动时心悸、气急、烦躁、心绞痛等前驱症状,其中以新发生心绞痛或原有心绞痛加重为最突出表现。心绞痛发作较以往频繁、程度较剧、硝酸甘油疗效差、诱发因素不明显。

及早发现、及早治疗

根据《中国心血管病报告2016》显示,2002年~2015年我国急性心肌梗死死亡率总体呈上升态势,从2005年开始,急性心肌梗死死亡率呈现快速上升趋势。2015年农村人口急性心肌梗死死亡率为70.09/10万,城市人口急性心肌梗死死亡率为56.38/10万。因此,了解心肌梗死发病原因和包括自救在内的治疗措施,已成为刻不容缓的社会问题。

对于无条件施行介人治疗的医疗单位,或因患者就诊延误、转送患者到可施行介人治疗的单位将会错过再灌注时机,此时可考虑使用溶栓疗法。对于具备施行介人条件的医院,与溶栓方法比较,目前的指南推荐优先施行经皮冠状动脉介人治疗。当心梗患者出现持续或反复缺血、心原性休克、严重心力衰竭,而冠状动脉解剖特点不适合行介人治疗,或出现心肌梗死并发症需外科手术修复时,可选择急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术。

心绞痛是心肌梗死的早期症状表现

心肺复苏就是与时间赛跑

电话,并控制紧张情绪,减少活动,有条件的患者需要立即卧床休息。若在公共场合发病,可求助路人拨打急救电话,并就地平卧,等待医务人员到来。若家人或路人发现心梗病人,同样应第一时间拨打急救电话,安抚病人紧张情绪,尽量减少病人活动,并配合到场的医务人员进行施救。对于冠心病患者来说,其家属掌握心肺复苏非常重要,当心梗患者出现心跳骤停时,规范、有效的心肺复苏可为患者赢得抢救时间,提高患者的生存几率。

另据了解,吉大二院目前已开通了胸痛患者绿色通道,保证胸痛患者优先就诊、优先检查、优先治疗。冠脉介人医师24小时值班,导管室医护人员全夭待命,最大程度避免急性心梗患者院内延迟救治。

对急性心肌梗死患者,一定要做到及早发现,及早住院,并加强住院前的就地处理。其治疗原则为尽快恢复心肌的血液灌注,具体方法包括溶栓疗法,经皮冠状动脉介人治疗以及紧急冠状动脉旁路移植术。

据了解,心肌梗死主要是在冠状动脉不稳定粥样硬化斑块破裂、糜烂基础上,引起血栓性阻塞,由于长时间缺血,导致的心

记者了解到,急性心肌梗死是一种死亡率非常高的危重病,及时就诊是最佳处理方案。一旦发病,应第一时间拨打急救

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