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全球矿业步入复苏之途 避险推高黄金价格

2017-08-31 10:06:08   中国经济网

未来6个季度采矿活动或持续趋热

2017年上半年,美国、欧洲、日本、中国和其他新兴市场的经济前景均有所改善,货币政策也逐渐回归正常化,全球经济迎来复苏迹象。国际货币基金组织(IMF)最新一期世界经济展望报告中将今年全球经济增长预期由3.4%上调至3.5%,受此影响,全球矿业基本面有所好转。

近期地缘政治危机冲突再度升温,恐慌情绪蔓延。8月29日,朝鲜在当天早晨试射了一枚导弹,导弹飞越北海道,引发日本、韩国和美国的强烈反应。亚欧股市全线下跌,尤其是日经225指数盘中一度创下近4个月以来新低。欧洲STOXX 600指数盘中一度创近6个月以来新低,英法德股市盘中跌幅均超过1%。美国道琼斯工业平均指数期货下跌逾100点,而军工类企业如雷神、洛克希德·马丁、诺斯洛普·格鲁门等公司股价则逆势上扬。

避险需求推高黄金价格

与此同时,黄金作为避险资产的吸引力扶摇直上。众多国际投资机构不断增加黄金等贵金属的持仓头寸,金价连续走高,不断刷新2016年11月以来的峰值水平。8月29日,金价飚升至1322.41美元/盎司。全球最大对冲基金桥水公司Bridgewater创始人Ray Dalio建议投资者将资产组合中黄金的配置比例提升至5%—10%,他同时还提醒:美国政府因债务触顶到期而再度面临“停摆”危机。“优柔寡断”的美国国会9月很可能拒绝提高债务上限,这意味着美国政府或再度陷入“关门下课”的窘境。届时,美国政府信用评级将受到严重损害,进而引发美国和全球市场的动荡,升高未来借贷成本。

Ray Dalio并非唯一建议立即购买黄金的投资专家。加特曼通讯社(Gartman Letter)创始人、有“大宗商品之王”之称的Dennis Gartman在接受CNBC访问时也表示:受地缘政治风险和通货膨胀压力的影响,黄金即将迎来强烈上涨。他认为投资者应在组合中持有10%—15%比例的黄金。

新趋势的开端

短期美国正逐步进入充分就业,其核心CPI明显走低。美联储7月会议后,年内加息的概率已从会前的50%降到40%,即使有一些缩表,美联储也宣称会缓慢退出,不会对整个基本面和大宗商品市场形成逆转性打击。

美国民众对特朗普政府的施政能力始终保持质疑,尤其是对特朗普大刀阔斧的经济改革方案能否实施,即使实施又能否达到预期效果存疑。多种不确定性预期营造了一个难得的弱势美元环境。3—7月美元连续5根月度阴线,8月初走平。美元指数自特朗普正式上台起,从102.3跌至不及92的水平,贬值幅度超过10%。而当特朗普8月16日一举解散了美国制造业委员会(American Manufacturing Council)及战略与政策论坛(Strategic and Policy Forum)两大顾问委员会后,市场紧张程度加重,美元进一步承压,不仅支撑金价上涨,也提振了大宗商品尤其工业金属。7月大宗商品市场今年以来首次战胜股市。下图显示7月美元下跌2.83%,标普500指数上涨1.93%,彭博商品指数上涨2.17%,商品涨幅超越了股票指数。自全球金融危机以来,很难出现大宗商品价格上涨和美元下跌。下图反映市场对通胀的担心已基本消散,大宗商品市场或已开始新的复苏。

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