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牢记种花用土的几个原则
2017-08-31 06:51:51 中国青年网
○海蒂的妈妈
土壤的重要性,要种花的老园丁才能慢慢体会出来。好的土壤事半功倍,在一个花园里,任何钱都可以节约,但在改良土壤上,一定要舍得花钱!
先讲花园地栽如何改良土壤。
第一年栽种,我做了穴改。所谓穴改,就是挖一个大坑,大于植物花盆的两倍,里面放满好的配方土。我用的是德国K牌泥炭+高原泥炭+珍珠岩+基础奥绿肥。
我不主张用几元钱的所谓营养土,或者猪粪、牛粪,还有蚯蚓土,主要是我亲眼看到一个朋友,铺了几十公分蚯蚓土,然后种波斯菊,长到二米高,倒成一片,一朵花没开,就全砍掉。在农村我见过含氮多的土壤种出来的稻谷,还没有饱满结实,便倒成一片了。如果非得要用营养土,要混合70%的普通泥土,不然不仅会倒伏,还可能会烧苗,死苗。
再说阳台、盆栽用什么土来栽种?我的主张:盆栽植物里的泥土含量不要超过30%,要用泥炭或是全熟的堆肥,用配方介质来栽种。盆栽如果全部用泥土栽种,板结会特别严重,很可能出现浇水浇不透的情况,以致植物干枯,或是坏死。也不要用所谓的营养土。这种土直接栽种,植物会被肥害,然后慢慢死亡。当然,有个例外,就是三角梅,三角梅喜欢盆栽,而且还喜欢含大量泥土的介质,所以三角梅可以用70%的泥土,太肥的土壤反而不开花。
盆栽用的土,我建议用德国泥炭+珍珠岩+奥绿,这种配方脱了盐,做扦插基质都可以。有人单纯用营养土,种死了四株绣球,就是被烧死的,肥害。记住:堆肥里不可以放含盐的东西,吃不完的菜,千万不可以放进去!说到堆肥,每年冬天覆盖5厘米的堆肥在花园里的植物上,会起到意想不到的效果,植物肥瘦相宜,不倒伏,高收成,种的水果也更为美味。
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