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新兴职业给人才工作提出新挑战

2017-08-31 05:25:40   中国青年网

【专家观点】

随着经济发展、社会进步和生活水平提高,会有新兴职业不断出现,也会有传统职业消失,这是一个正常的经济社会现象。

可以预见,未来一段时期,随着互联网和大数据等新技术的普遍应用,以及新材料的开发应用,科学技术的发展还会进一步提升经济发展和生活生活水平,新兴职业也会不断涌现,对此我们应该抱有开放和包容的心态。

新兴职业的出现体现了信息时代的典型特征。2017年5月,北京外国语大学丝绸之路研究院进行了一项调查,评选出中国的“新四大发明”,分别为高铁、支付宝、共享单车和网购。虽然“新四大发明”有些戏称的色彩,但是也在一定程度上集中体现了当前出现的新职业的时代精神和特征,主要有以下几个方面:

创新。新兴职业是在技术创新发展的支持下产生的,例如无人机操控师、UI设计师等,就是互联网技术催生的崭新职业。随着新技术的创新发展,将有更多的技术创新转化为新产品、新产业,进而催生新职业。

多元。新兴职业体现了年轻一代的多元个性和职业发展,在“大众创业、万众创新”的大背景下,越来越多的80后、90后将自己的技术特长甚至兴趣发展为职业,年轻人更倾向于选择自由职业,个性化地选择创业,他们的新鲜想法甚至成为创业融资的核心。

共享。互联网技术使得世界更加扁平化,共享经济风生水起。例如,手机支付技术使共享单车成为可能,解决了城市公共交通最后一公里的问题,是互联网+创新创业的成功典型。滴滴打车使得出租车行业资源充足,提升了行业资源利用效率。

新兴职业的出现,无疑为中国梦的实现注入了新鲜血液,同时也对人才工作提出了新挑战,人才工作者应该认真研究并积极应对。必须看到,新兴职业的创新性和多元化,必将撼动传统的一刀切的人才评价方式。很多职业发端于前所未有的技术,对相关人才的评价需要有新的方式和标准。由此,在人才培养方面也应该有根本的转变。在人工智能迅猛发展的新形势下,我国教育的知识灌输方式如果不作根本性改革,将严重阻碍创新人才的培养开发。同时,面对新兴职业的迅速发展,政府应该做好相关的监管工作。例如,对从业者的健康状况、犯罪记录、专业水准等,要有备案和监控。

(作者:苗月霞,系中国人事科学研究院研究员)

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