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整治出租车乱象需要重拳出击

2017-08-31 04:20:40   中国青年网

除运用行政手段、法治手段开展治理外,还要重视市场手段。很多城市之所以出租车乱象难以根除,原因之一就是这个市场缺乏充分竞争

□ 冯海宁

广州加码整治出租车行业,继组织整治出租车行业服务质量下滑的百日攻坚战后,近日公布的《广州市交通委员会关于进一步加强巡游出租汽车驾驶员与车辆管理的通知(征求意见稿)》规定,若乘客投诉而责任被认定由司机承担,各企业应将乘客所支付费用全额垫付给乘客(8月30日《新快报》)。

很多城市存在的出租车乱象,不仅损害了乘客权益,也影响行业形象和城市形象。近两个多月来,广州重拳治理出租车乱象的决心和一些做法,笔者认为对其他城市也有借鉴价值。比如这次拟规定乘客投诉如责任在司机,则由企业垫付车费,相信会是很管用的一招。

目前,乘客投诉出租车司机后,相关部门一般会对违规司机依规处理,但各地做法也有不同。比如出租车司机绕道的,除罚款外,有的地方要求司机退还多收的车费。而《广州市出租汽车客运管理条例》则规定“责令退还车费”。“退还车费”显然比“退还多收的车费”处罚力度更大。

按照上述条例,在广州一般由出租车司机退还车费。而此次意见稿拟规定,如果责任在司机,由企业垫付车费。这一做法无疑更加进步了。对乘客来说,不仅能及时拿到退还的车费,还能避免与违规司机再见面或者再打交道,相信乘客在受到伤害后,多数情况下是不愿意再接触违规司机的。

除最大化保障乘客利益外,意见稿中的新规还强化了出租车公司的责任。可以说,司机绕道、多收费、中途终止载客等违法行为的出现,与企业管理不严有一定关系。而广州拟规定企业垫付车费,其实是让企业对司机违法行为承担应有的责任,如此可鞭策企业对司机强化日常教育和管理。

对出租车司机而言,被投诉后不仅挣不到钱,而且由企业垫付车费后,很可能面临企业进一步处罚。所以,司机只有规范运营,才能避免多重处罚。另外,对监管部门来说,“企业垫付车费”也提高了处理投诉的效率,有利于重塑出租车行业形象、维护城市形象。

值得注意的是,上述意见稿拟规定,若驾驶员或出租车出现多次服务投诉或违章,其所属企业将被视为存在安全生产事故隐患,将由交通行政主管部门依法处理。这等于是把出租车服务投诉提升到了安全生产事故的高度,对出租车企业是一个严重警示,处罚力度当然也会升级。

一系列“组合拳”给出租车公司带来了前所未有的压力。记者从广州白云、广交等多家出租车公司获悉,近日起对驾驶员存在的问题“加码”严肃处理,一年累计三次有责投诉驾驶员将被解除合同。笔者以为,整治出租车乱象就得这么干,要让企业和违规司机真正感到痛。

国内出租车行业乱象由来已久,网约车出现后又新增一些乱象。虽然多地一直在整治乱象,但整治力度——无论是决心还是措施,都与民众期待有一定距离,要么整治效果不明显,要么只有短期效果。而广州最近针对出租车乱象已经打出或即将打出的多记重拳,对其他城市有示范意义。

当然,“由企业垫付车费”需要对司机违法行为的认定不仅高效而且严格。除运用行政手段、法治手段开展治理外,还要重视市场手段。很多城市之所以出租车乱象难以根除,原因之一就是这个市场缺乏充分竞争。这需要进一步放宽出租车管制,让市场竞争与依法整治共同倒逼出租车规范上路。

“由企业垫付车费”“多次服务投诉或违章被视为存在安全生产事故隐患”等做法在广州实践后,能否上升到法规层面,值得期待。

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