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俄罗斯北方四岛军演旨在震慑日本野心

2017-08-30 17:45:49   国际在线

俄罗斯塔斯社29日报道称,俄罗斯东部军区新闻处宣布,从29日起,2500多名俄罗斯军人在千岛群岛开始举行反登陆防御演习。声明指出,在部队战备检查框架内,俄罗斯军人在千岛群岛开始反登陆防御战术演习。摩托化分队与炮兵分队一起演练防御海岸线对抗登陆课目,而防空分队则演练发现、识别和摧毁空投假想敌空降兵飞机的课目。据报道,演习共出动2500多人、700多件技术装备,包括T-72B坦克、各种口径火炮,其中含“石竹”“洋槐”“风信子”自行火炮以及“冰雹”火箭炮系统、反坦克炮、迫击炮等。在千岛群岛上进行的这一反登陆演习将于本周末结束,届时将进行实弹射击演练。笔者认为,俄军此次演习验证了笔者一直来的推测,那就是——日本强化两栖战力的真实目的更多是在图谋北方四岛。

早在今年2月底,美日联合举行所谓旨在交流作战经验和战术,提高联合作战能力的" 铁拳 2017(Iron Fist 2017)" 两栖演习的时候,笔者就已经撰文指出日本苦心经营两栖作战能力是在“声东击西”。

这些年来日本一直在不断强化自身的两栖作战能力。2002年,为了能够应对所谓西南海岛的“紧急事态”,能够通过空中机动向九州西南海岛快速部署两栖部队,日本成立了西部军区“普通科连队”(简称“西普连”),由西部军区司令部直接指挥,成为陆上自卫队首支快速反应部队。2014年日本开始从美国购买AAV7两栖战车,该车主要用于登陆作战,在海上可如船舶般航行,且能直接上岸行驶。2015年日本防卫省开始比照美海军陆战队组建“两栖机动团”,首先对西普连的700名自卫队员展开训练,并在逐渐将人数将增加至3000名,该团预计于2018年正式成立。也是在2015年日本决定斥资540亿日元,从美国购入5架MV-22鱼鹰运输机,MV-22鱼鹰由美国海军陆战队主导开发,是目前世界上唯一投入服役的倾转旋翼机,集直升机的垂直直降和固定翼飞机的高速度、大载荷、大航程等优点于一身,非常适合执行"超越地平线"的两栖攻击作战任务。另外今年早些时候,日本防卫装备厅网站公布了在研的APC改进型8轮驱动装甲车图片,号称此车专门为“西南诸岛”量身打造。而在美日联合两栖演习中,美军也很大方地向自卫队传授了登陆作战中的绝活儿——LCAC气垫艇突击登陆战法。该型气垫艇配有4部航空器级别的发动机,动力非常强劲。在搭载一辆60吨级主战坦克和大量兵员的情况下,能以120千米的时速抢滩登陆。

由于近年来中日关系持续紧张,再加上日媒总是提及“西南诸岛有事”,所以一直以来国人都把日本发展两栖力量的动机视为对于中国钓鱼岛的觊觎,但是仔细分析日本此举却颇不合理。中国钓鱼岛诸岛总共陆地面积约6.344平方公里,其中主岛面积约4.3838平方公里。这样的地形显然不适合大规模登陆部队和装备的展开,日本的“两栖机动团”如果是为了钓鱼岛而准备的,显然是“热情过度”了。更何况一旦钓鱼岛方向发生冲突,该岛的归属是很大程度上由周边的制空权和制海权决定的,也就是说双方的海空力量才是决定战局的关键。由于这些年中国在国力、军力(尤其是海空力量)上的发展,日本应该能够清晰的意识到即使有美国的支持,日本如果在钓鱼岛方向与中国撕破脸皮也讨不到任何便宜。

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