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“鹦鹉”之失

2017-08-29 04:31:01   中国青年网

黄永玉有幅名画,题目叫《鸟是好鸟,就是话多》,画面上一只五颜六色的鹦鹉站在枝头上,叽叽喳喳地叫着、唱着,站在画外都能感觉到聒噪,像极了某些喋喋不休者。

嘴巴的两大功能是吃饭和说话。说话既是人之本能,也关涉到一个人的基本人权。说话可以呈示个体的人生态度,一个人爱谁恨谁、追求什么力避什么,语言都可以完整生动地呈示出来。每个人的家庭背景、知识储备、个人经历不同,对事物的看法也不完全一致,这种“不同”,有时是通过我们所做的事表现出来的,有的则必须通过言语来表达。如果我们将思想比作大米的营养成分的话,语言就是白花花的米粒,它具有一种外在的质感。

常言道,物以稀为贵。反之,多了难免微贱。比如金子,实用价值未必比钢铁高多少,但有时二十克金子即可换得一吨钢铁,无他,世界上的钢铁产量无数倍地多于金子。语言也是如此。有人像鹦鹉一样整天喋喋不休,却没有一句说到点子上;有的人不乱说话,一说话就能显出经验、智慧。曾国藩早年做翰林时,喜欢对世事评评点点,被朋友批评“多言”,进入中老年后,做帮办大臣、当两江总督、名列武英殿大学士,反而不乱说话了,因为经历告诉他,语言的价值不在数量,而在质量。事实正是如此,说话太多,一些话来不及过脑,智慧的含量就低;说话少一些,每一句话事先都思考过,说出的话分量自然不一样。

即使不考虑说话的意义,单看人际关系,“多嘴鹦鹉”也是不讨喜的。有研究称,一个人的声音是需要他人的耳朵承载的,即使你不直接对着某人说话,只要这个人在场,他的耳朵也必须承受你的声音。听久了,耳朵会疲劳,人的精神会跟着萎靡。多嘴的人大抵少有知心朋友,除了他侵犯隐私令人反感外,这些大概也是原因之一。

没有一个人不想做一只可以永远翱翔于蓝天的“好鸟”,而真正的“好鸟”绝对不会无视他人的观感。

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