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五成肥胖青少年对自己不满意 学校应成预防主战场

2017-08-28 07:31:54   央广网

人民网北京8月26日电 8月25日,以“为体重减负 让健康起飞”为宗旨的“长颈鹿行动”之青少年体重管理进校园公益项目在北京拉开帷幕。“长颈鹿行动”邀请营养专家走进课堂,将从饮食、运动、作息、情绪等多个方面给同学们讲解什么是科学的体重管理,从而引导青少年建立正确科学的体重管理观念。

近年来,中国内地大城市的儿童青少年超重和肥胖的发生率呈快速上升趋势,而体质却呈下降趋势。由北大公共卫生学院、农业部食物与营养发展研究所、中国营养学会等机构联合编写的首部《中国儿童肥胖报告》指出,近30年来,我国的胖孩子越来越多,如果不加控制,到2030年,我国超重肥胖的青少年数量将增至4948万人。据调查结果显示,52%的肥胖青少年对自己感到不满意,其中12%认为未来最大的愿望是减轻体重;10%的青少年因为压力过大存在大量多餐进食的情况,同时21.8%的青少年不做运动,讨厌运动,29.1%的青少年很少进行锻炼。此外,肥胖问题还导致了青少年的心理状态出现了异常,32.7%的“小胖子”认为有困难的事情都和超重、肥胖有关。

“追分无底线,体重无上限”。中国教育科学研究院研究员储朝晖指出,“体重和教育是间接的关系,但近年这个间接关系越来越明晰了。考试的分数只有一个一次性的价值,而你的身心健全有终身的价值。” 他认为,有的家长在假期也要给孩子报大量的辅导班,孩子应该活动的时间全都坐在教室里面补习,这样使得学生运动时间不够。有的孩子做作业做到十一二点,导致睡眠不足。我国中小学校应关注体重管理的教育,不然,孩子分数再高、才艺再多都是空中楼阁。

《中国儿童肥胖报告》主编、中国营养学会副理事长马冠生指出,我国超重肥胖率不断增长的趋势仍在延续,农村的儿童肥胖率增长也很迅速。马冠生认为,致肥胖环境也是影响青少年超重的重要原因,致肥胖环境包括膳食、身体活动、饮食行为等因素。肥胖一旦发生,要想逆转就变得非常困难,防控肥胖必须未雨绸缪,以“预防为主”。

著名心理学家陶思璇认为,“心理压力,其实青春期的躁动,还有考试的压力,都可能成为青少年超重的原因。” 青少年体重控制行为和心理疏导息息相关,引导肥胖青少年在心理上接受事实,认清现状,再配合着家庭和学校两方面的饮食控制和运动调整。

北京回民学校的王振老师认为,在对青少年的体重进行管控方面,应建立起由政府主导、多部门合作、全社会共同参与的工作机制。学校无疑在培养青少年健康生活方式方面发挥着关键作用。此外,家长也应以身作则、通过言传身教为孩子进行健康生活方式的示范,引导、支持、监督和鼓励孩子养成健康的生活方式,提供安全的运动场地,为孩子生活的社区构建有利于儿童肥胖防控的环境。

据悉,“长颈鹿行动”由中国疾控中心(CDC)政策研究与健康传播中心、北京大学公共卫生学院、中山大学政策与法研究所指导,广东省绿瘦慈善基金会主办。

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