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仨成年人就有一个超重

2017-08-25 04:16:44   中国青年网

本报讯(记者 刘欢)市卫计委昨天公布的最新监测数据显示,本市18岁到79岁常住居民超重率为35.6%,肥胖率为21.9%。专家称,超重、肥胖现已成为引发高血压、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病等许多慢性病的重要危险因素。

不只成年人,青少年肥胖、超重问题也应引起重视。据统计,2015至2016学年度北京市中小学生肥胖检出率为16.3%,比上一学年度的15.6%上升0.7个百分点。其中小学肥胖检出率为17.3%,初中为15.4%,普通高中为13.0%,职业高中为17.1%。小学阶段,肥胖检出率小学一年级为18.6%,六年级为16.5%;中学阶段肥胖检出率随年龄增大而下降,初中一年级检出率最高(16.1%),高三检出率最低(12.7%)。专家表示,针对小胖墩要重点开展“饮食对策”,培养良好的饮食习惯,即少吃油脂和糖类,多吃蔬菜和含糖量较少的水果。同时还要适当让孩子加强体育运动,养成锻炼的习惯。

市疾控中心表示,为预防慢病,人们应该根据自己的健康问题制定行动计划。怎样运动才更科学?专家表示,科学的运动生活习惯是指日常生活少静多动,比如增加体育运动、步行、骑车等,减少久坐。养成规律运动的习惯,规律的运动可以促进心肺、肌肉骨骼健康,增强身体平衡、协调能力。人们应该定期进行一定强度的运动。例如,5岁到17岁的儿童和青少年每天应进行至少累计60分钟中等到较高强度身体活动,每周至少进行3次较高强度运动。18岁以上成年人每周进行至少150分钟中等强度有氧运动,每周至少应有两次大肌肉群抗阻运动。中老年人每周至少应有3次提高平衡能力和预防跌倒的锻炼。

人们应该主动进行关节柔韧性活动和抗阻力锻炼,能有效预防关节疼痛和僵硬。普通人的抗阻力活动主要针对身体的大肌肉群,包括上肢、肩、胸、背、腰、腹、臀、下肢,可结合日常工作生活进行功能练习,如上下台阶、步行、拎抬重物、伸够高物、蹲起、坐起、弯腰、转体、踮脚伸颈望远等。

需要提醒的是,骨关节疾患或其他有关疾患的病人参加运动应咨询专科医生。同时,肌肉和关节不宜过于频繁屈曲和伸展。在运动的同时,应采取必要的防护措施,避免运动损伤。有特殊需要或者患有不同慢性疾病的人参加身体活动,应先征求专业人员的建议。

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