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让空中电波运行更有“谱”——看《山西省无线电管理条例》如何影响你我他

2017-08-28 07:26:50   中国青年网

9月1日,《山西省无线电管理条例》正式实施。这是新修订的国家《条例》施行后,全国颁布实施的第一部地方性法规,也填补了我省无线电管理的立法空白,内容涉及伪基站、非法干扰、电磁辐射、5G通信技术等一系列民生热点问题。

机场周边等特殊区域,禁止使用无线电遥控飞行器

近3年,我省共查处无线电违法案件311起,排除无线电干扰139起,排除民航无线电干扰17起。

为保障无线电导航、通信等业务安全运行,《条例》明确规定,禁止使用移动通信基站设备窃取通信终端信息,扰乱公众移动通信秩序。禁止使用卫星电视干扰设备和非法设置的广播电视发射设备。禁止在机场周边、铁路沿线、电力线路、危险化学品储存等保护区域内使用无线电遥控飞行器。

同时,还针对同址发射产生的杂散和互调干扰对航空飞行构成的安全隐患,规定禁止在高山、高楼、高塔擅自接纳同址设置的多个无线电台(站)。

在机场周边等保护区使用无线电遥控飞行器均为非法无线电发射活动,无线电管理机构可以采取扣押、查封和技术阻断等行政强制措施,并最高处以50万元的罚款。

治理“黑广播”“伪基站”,延伸到设备销售环节

“黑广播”播放药品广告,“伪基站”发送钓鱼链接短信……2016年我省共查获“伪基站”案件36起,收缴设备38套;查获“黑广播”案件40起,收缴设备32套。

“原来打击‘黑广播’‘伪基站’,像是单纯的‘捡豆子’,以后打击对象就包括‘撒豆子’和‘产豆子’的人了。”省无线电管理局负责人介绍,无线电发射设备经销商,应当自设备销售之日起三十日内向所在地无线电管理机构备案,不得销售未经型号核准的无线电发射设备,不得擅自为所销售的无线电发射设备设置频率。

销售者擅自为销售的无线电发射设备设置频率的,情节严重者可以并处1万元以上3万元以下罚款。

人口密集区域设无线电台,要公布辐射检测结果

针对电磁辐射污染日益严重问题,《条例》提出根据城乡规划、土地利用总体规划和电磁环境辐射防护标准,制定固定无线电台(站)站址布局规划的要求。

在居民区、学校等人口密集区域设置、使用的固定无线电台(站),应当公布电磁辐射检测结果;要求使用无线电台(站)的单位和个人应当遵守环境保护相关规定,消除电磁辐射造成的环境污染。

《条例》要求对涉及公共安全的重要无线电设施建立电磁环境保护区,对需要电磁环境特殊保护的工程选址进行电磁兼容分析和论证;要求制定城乡规划应当对重要无线电业务的电波通道予以避让。

有效利用频谱资源,为5G通信技术发展护航

无线电频谱是一种宝贵的、稀缺的战略资源,目前,我们可利用的无线电频谱不到100G,随着新一代5G移动通信、物联网、三网融合等技术和应用的需求不断增加,频谱资源供需矛盾日益突出。

频谱规划和管理是5G系统技术发展的重要环节。系统多样化应用的特点,决定了5G需综合利用高中低频段资源,其中,在中、高频段需要很宽的连续频带,涉及到无线电业务间的频率协调、频率共享、频谱资源使用许可发放方式、台站管理模式等。

《条例》从规范无线电频率、无线电台(站)设置使用行为入手,加强对生产、进口、销售、维修无线电发射设备和辐射无线电波的非无线电设备的监管,全面提升无线电管理能力,为适应5G系统技术发展和应用需求,提供法制基础和制度保障。

本报记者 常慧忠

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