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中国正迎来人才流动“顺差时代”
2017-08-28 07:11:57 中国青年网
胡建兵
“中国要由大国变成强国,需要有一批‘科研疯子’,这其中能有我,余愿足矣!”9年前,著名地球物理学家黄大年毅然放弃国外优越条件回国,在他的感召下,王献昌、马芳武、崔军红等一大批在海外享有较高知名度的“千人计划”专家纷纷加入进来。
数据显示,截至2016年,中国留学归国人员总数达265.11万人。留学归国人员比例由2012年的72.38%增长到2016年的82.23%。就是说,我们派出的留学生有八成以上回国效力了。出国留学人数与留学归国人数的“剪刀差”已经发生逆转,中国正迎来人才流动的顺差时代。
“回国潮”背后,是国家经济社会的发展为留学生回国创业提供了动力,创造了条件,培养了典型示范。绝大多数留学人员选择回国工作,不是一时的冲动,而是对国家更加有信心的表现。以前一些学生出国留学,主要是看中了一些发达国家的收入水平、生活水平和工作环境等。现在,我国综合国力大幅提升,中国在世界上更有话语权,中国经济也成了世界经济的火车头。中国政治和经济的整体形势和发展速度,国内发展环境与机遇是“海归潮”兴起的重要因素。有关权威机构做过的调查显示,学生准备出国留学前,有超过70%的学生及其家长明确表示,学成后计划回国就业或者创业,而不愿意留在国外工作或者生活。
近年来,我国不断开展“千人计划”、“万人计划”、设立留学生创业园等项目,也吸引了一大批留学人才回国。比如“春晖计划”,资助了数千名海外人员短期回国搞研究,支持西部、东北高校和海外留学人员搞科研合作,目前已经立项2000多项。比如支持高校引进各类人才,像“长江计划”等,已经引进了1094人。
留学归国人员大增,这不是一个简单的数字变化,而是具有风向标意义。事实证明,只要能给人才提供良好的发展环境,就能有效避免人才流失,更加彰显祖国的强大“引力”。
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