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训练不足、领导不力!美媒反思第七舰队怎么了?

2017-08-25 09:31:51   国际在线

【环球网军事8月25日报道 环球时报特约记者 任重】两艘先进的宙斯盾驱逐舰接连出现致命撞船事故,美国全国公共广播电台(NPR)23日沮丧地说,2017年在海军撞船事故中丧生的美军官兵恐怕比在阿富汗丧生的美军还多。声名远扬的美海军第七舰队到底怎么了?美国各界紧急为第七舰队问诊的结论是,这支承担亚太前沿部署重任的舰队早已伤病重重。

舰艇:数量减少负担加重

美国《基督教科学箴言报》23日说,美军主力舰艇的数量最近几十年锐减,1996年还有375艘,2016年已经缩减到275艘。在20年的时间里,不但舰艇数量减少了100艘,而且由于拨款不足导致的舰艇更新计划放缓,美海军主力舰的平均舰龄也增加了10年以上。

与此同时,对美国海军的需求却在猛增。特别是在太平洋海域,不断加剧的地区紧张局势让第七舰队疲于奔命。

《基督教科学箴言报》认为,缺少军费是撞船事件频发的“元凶”。2011年通过的《预算控制法》规范了联邦支出的上限,该法案对未来10年美国军费开支设定上限,美国海军拨款大幅减少。美国战略与国际研究中心国际安全问题专家约翰·绍斯表示,美国海军必须在采购新舰船、给士兵发工资以及设备维修等核心问题上做选择。

舰员:培训不足资质存疑

美国全国公共广播电台23日称,前美国海军作战部长特别助理布赖恩∙克拉克表示,“过去三四年,美国海军正逐渐捉襟见肘,主要原因是供不应求”。美国海军这几年来一直“很吝啬”:舰船上配备的人员减少,意味着他们工作量增大,用在操作培训上的时间减少。人员配备不够,舰船就会出现生锈、设备受损甚至失灵等问题。

《今日美国报》称,一般来说,一艘军舰要经历部署、返回基地维护、培训以及再部署这个流程。但随着美国海军军舰数量不断减少,进入维修阶段的舰船面临迅速返港执行任务的压力,特别是地区局势的持续紧张,第七舰队进行相关部署的要求没有减少,最终结果是培训时间被严重缩减。

美国政府问责办公室2015年发现,由于第七舰队执行任务的频次很高,导致用于人员培训和舰艇维护的时间非常有限。美国问责办公室的报告说,在美国本土基地的舰艇约40%的时间处于部署状态,60%的时间进行维护和培训。而在日本横须贺基地的第七舰队67%的时间在部署,33%的时间用于维护,“培训时间不详”。

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