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构筑残疾预防多元化社会屏障

2017-08-25 08:32:57   央广网

今天是首个全国残疾预防日。中国残联24日在京举办新闻发布会,向全社会发布残疾预防核心知识。同时,各地也纷纷举办形式多样的主题活动,向广大群众宣传普及“识别主要致残风险”“残疾预防的有效途径和方法”。这些对增进全民残疾预防意识、推动残疾预防事业加快发展,具有重要意义。

设立全国残疾预防日,是落实《国家残疾预防行动计划(2016-2020年)》的直接体现。《行动计划》指出:“残疾风险伴随每个人,残疾预防与个人健康、家庭幸福、经济社会健康发展息息相关。”统计显示,我国目前有8500多万残疾人,虽然仅占总人口的6.34%,但换个角度看,其意味着平均每16人中就有1位残疾人,不容小觑。人是社会发展的最终推动力,相应地,任何一个社会的可持续发展,也必须落实到保障每个人的健康成长上,把人民健康放在优先发展的战略地位。近年来,在各方共同努力下,我国残疾预防工作取得显著成效。同时也要看到,伴随着老龄化、工业化和城镇化的快速发展,快速增长的慢性病和老年病致残、各种毒性物质致残、交通等意外事故致残等新的致残因素明显增加,对人民群众健康构成极大风险和挑战,切切实实要引起全社会高度关注。

按照《行动计划》,到2020年,残疾预防工作体系和防控网络将更加完善,全社会残疾预防意识与能力显著增强,可比口径残疾发生率在同等收入国家中处于较低水平。要达至这一目标,一项非常重要且紧迫的工作,就是强化残疾预防核心知识教育宣传,引导人们树立风险意识,实现预防为主,关口前移,科学施策,有效控制和减少残疾发生。具体而言,应重点做好几方面工作:一是有效控制出生缺陷和发育障碍致残;二是着力防控疾病致残;三是努力减少伤害致残;四是显著改善康复服务。特别是涉及康复服务方面,应着力加大政府投入力度,尽快将残疾人健康管理和社区康复、贫困残疾人基本型辅助器具补贴等项目纳入基本公共服务项目清单,鼓励有条件的地方对残疾人基本型辅助器具适配给予补贴,努力提高残疾人基本康复服务覆盖率和基本型辅助器具适配率,不断提升公共服务水平。

残疾预防不只涉及卫生、民政、教育等部门,需要社会各方协力,构建起多元化立体屏障。一则,除了生育和疾病,致残因素还广泛存在于安全生产、道路安全、食品药品安全、环境污染、自然灾害等社会各个领域。因此,迫切需要相关部门各司其责,本着对人民群众生命高度负责的态度,提高事故风险防范意识,增强事故救援和应急处置能力,最大限度降低致残风险。二则,涉及残疾康复服务和关爱,不仅需要政府部门健全法律制度,加大政府投入力度,同时还需要优化支持政策,引导社会参与。如推广政府和社会资本合作模式,吸引社会资本参与残疾预防项目投资、运营管理,提高残疾预防服务供给能力和效率;鼓励和引导商业保险公司创新健康保险、长期护理保险、意外伤害保险,提供更多保障性产品服务,倡导各类企业、社会组织,通过捐款捐赠、志愿服务、设立基金会等方式,支持和参与残疾预防工作,等等。

“没有全民健康,就没有全面小康。”推进健康中国建设,是我们党对人民的郑重承诺,也是各级政府部门不容推卸的责任。通过设立全国残疾预防日,广泛开展残疾预防宣传教育,是一项重要工作,更应该成为一个新的起点。全社会都应该正视人民群众的健康风险,把维护人民群众健康、保障经济社会健康发展为根本出发点和落脚点,创新工作机制和方法,形成全社会协调联动的防控工作体系,提高残疾预防工作的专业化、信息化、科学化水平,为增进人的全面发展营造良好环境。

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