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拆违拆出老别墅正门 “逸庐”二字或是蔡元培墨宝

2017-08-23 03:41:32   中国青年网

这幢带着尖顶阁楼的花园洋房,就是安吉路35号。

逸庐两字或为蔡元培所提

从环城西路拐进窄窄的安吉路,往东前行百余米,左手边又多了条小弄堂,老居民喜欢叫它安吉支路。这里,藏着3处历史建筑,安吉路35号、37号和环西新村1幢。前些天,环西新村1幢周围实施拆违,人们意外发现了一处青石门框,门框上镌刻着两个大字——逸庐。落款:蔡元培,民国24年。

这个青石门框究竟有何来头,“逸庐”二字是否真是蔡元培所题?昨天,钱报记者和杭州古建筑保护专家、杭州历史学会副会长仲向平老师一起去探寻。

仔仔细细观察了这块刻字青石门框之后,仲向平难掩激动,“没想到啊没想到,原来正门在这里!”

要说这道门,还得先说说与它一墙之隔的安吉路35号。仲向平告诉记者,早在20年前,他就曾来这里考察过。当时,他就发现,这幢别墅朝东的这扇门又小又窄,一点都没有洋房该有的气派,可也一直找不到房子的正门。

没想到,如今这一拆,竟然把真正的正门拆出来了。仲向平感叹,老底子从安吉路35号一直往南绵延到六公园,当年可是杭州著名的花园住宅聚集区。好多社会上有地位的人,大学教授、企业家等等,都把家安在了这里。

安吉路35号是何来头?“逸庐”二字真是蔡元培所题么?

“应该是蔡元培的手笔。”仲向平娓娓道来。

安吉路35号的主人是庄泽宣、梁逸群夫妇。庄泽宣是中国著名教育家,浙江嘉兴人,祖籍常州,是江南顶级书香世家常州庄氏的后人。1916年,庄泽宣毕业于北京清华大学,后留学,先后获纽约哥伦比亚大学、普林斯顿大学教育与心理学博士学位。夫人梁逸群也是哥伦比亚大学的硕士生,名门之后。两人缘分就是留学时结下的。归国后,庄泽宣在清华大学任职。

1934年,庄泽宣到了浙江大学,担任教育学系主任。定居杭州后,庄泽宣夫妇花了1万银元,买了桃花河边的一块地,在河边建了一幢别墅,就是如今的安吉路35号。别墅应是取夫人梁逸群的逸字为名。

石库门上的“逸庐”二字,仲向平认为应是出自庄泽宣好友蔡元培之手。民国24年6月,也就是1935年6月所题。

“在蔡元培的书法里,这几个字算很不错的,飘逸潇洒,而且石库门保存非常完好。”仲向平说,蔡元培鲜少为居所题字,也就是当年为灵隐路上女儿蔡威廉和女婿林文铮的婚房题过“马岭山房”。只是如今,当年的婚房旧居还在,所题门匾却已不见踪影。“所以,保存如此完整的蔡先生的题字还是很难得呀。”

仲向平说,这座洋房颇费心思。建造商是当时杭州著名房产开发商许浩记营造厂。青砖外墙上,至今都保留着“倪增茂”的字样——出自当年著名的砖窑厂“记窑砖”,蒋经国故居、湖边邨等豪宅用的都是同款窑砖。走进洋房,沿着木地板楼梯拾级而上,仲向平说,这些地板楼梯用的都是美国红松,80多年过去了,没有腐烂依然保存完好,可见所用木材之好。

红松木、“倪增茂”青砖都是民国时期杭州豪宅的标配。

钱报记者了解到,目前,杭州市历史建筑保护中心的工作人员已进行了现场勘查。带有“逸庐”二字的石库门将进行保护修缮,对于石库门的历史沿革也将进一步进行考证。

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