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让药品飞检持续有效发挥作用

2017-08-19 05:16:44   中国青年网

【把脉】

近期,全国各地药品监管部门进行了密集的医疗器械流通领域飞行检查,多家企业被发现问题。应当承认,我国药品、医疗器械安全状况目前仍与群众的期待有一定距离,监管部门组织开展飞行检查,实乃务实之举。

长期以来,药品、医疗器械安全事件之所以不时发生,一定程度上源于执法监管手段总是“慢半拍”。那种广而告之、应景式的执法检查,使得违法者完全有对策来化解、躲避监管。飞行检查注重执法隐蔽性和行动的快速性,避免执法信息的失真,做到及时且有效依法予以查处,使违法者不敢抱有铤而走险的侥幸心理。

从一定意义上说,飞行检查与明察暗访有异曲同工之处,是在被监管对象不知晓情况下进行的检查,也就是不打招呼、行动敏捷的检查。如此一来,可以及时了解掌握真实情况,做到心中有数,有利于开展有效的执法监管。

其实,飞检制度在药品、医疗器械监管领域已经成功实施了多年。早在2006年,原国家食品药品监管局就发布了《药品GMP飞行检查暂行规定》,建立了飞行检查制度;2012年又发布了《医疗器械生产企业飞行检查工作程序(试行)》。各级食品药品监管部门采取“飞检”的形式进行监督检查,在调查问题、管控风险、震慑违法行为等方面发挥了重要作用,进一步强化了企业的自律意识和守法自觉性。譬如近年来发生的银杏叶非法提取物事件、武汉华龙生物制药有限公司购买牛杂店半成品制药等事件,都是通过飞行检查发现的线索。近年来,随着我国医药工业水平大幅提升,飞检制度延伸至药品和医疗器械研制、生产、经营和使用整个产业链。

“飞检”式的监管对于不法者来说,不失为一个强有力“撒手锏”。那么,如何让这个“撒手锏”持续有效发挥作用、甚至发挥更大的作用?

依笔者之见,首先必须确保飞检的保密性。为保证飞行检查的突击性,应进一步完善保密制度,飞行检查的时间、地点、事项,任何单位和个人均不得事先泄露。飞检的优势体现在秘密“空降”,力求保密、随机、快速和不定时地采取行动,实施“突然袭击”,杀个措手不及,将问题“逮个正着”。因此,如何有效落实好检查的保密制度,是能否取得实效的关键。既往诸多事件表明,没有严谨的保密措施和严厉的罚则,泄密很难避免。从这个意义上讲,对那些泄密、失职的执法人员,应该有强硬的制度来惩戒、问责。

与此同时,还可以引入社会监督机制。为了让飞行检查有效实施,必要的社会监督显得尤其重要,可适当邀请有关专家、媒体记者参与监督。在飞行检查中,有关部门可以在符合保密制度的前提下,邀请有关专家、人大代表、政协委员及媒体记者参加,共同见证公正、严厉的飞行检查。执法监督和社会监督的有机结合,有利于提高飞行检查的有效性,对在飞行检查中发现的问题企业、问题药品和医疗器械及时曝光,问题严重者纳入“黑名单”。“飞检”利剑之效应该长期保持,成为药品、医疗器械监管的常态。

(作者:廖海金)

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