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记者在现场 辽中院士工作站 小院里有大神奇

2017-08-18 08:36:59   中国青年网

沈阳市辽中区城郊镇卡力玛村有一处很特别的院子,它占地面积不大,建筑风格颇为细致精巧,几栋小楼被成片郁郁葱葱的水稻包围着,整齐布设的沟沟道道里潺潺渠水流入秧田……这里是辽中院士工作站暨沈阳农业大学卡力玛水稻实验站,也是不断孕育诞生神奇的地方。

工作站的创始人陈温福,是中国工程院院士、沈阳农业大学水稻研究所所长,也是我国著名的水稻专家、北方粳稻的领军人物。业界“南袁北陈”的美誉,指的就是南有袁隆平、北有陈温福。

辽中院士工作站于2013年开始筹建、2015年奠基,总面积34.2公顷,建筑面积0.75公顷,大部分场地用于试验和相关的稻作研究、人才培养、成果转化、技术培训和学术交流。“水稻和生物活性炭是我们目前的主要工作项目。”站长张树林说,“工作站的实验室和场地建设水平、研发水平,在国际上都是领先的。”

说这话的底气,来自实打实的科研成果和令人叹服的转化收效。

立足辽宁、依托东北、面向全国,辽中院士工作站先后承担了100余项课题的研究和试验示范任务,研究成果获得国家、省部级科技奖励24项,育成19个高产优质粳稻新品种。其中“沈农9816”“北粳1号”等14个新品种通过审定,在东北稻区推广种植面积超过86.66万公顷,产量比一般稻作高20%,每年可增产稻谷13亿公斤以上,为农民增产增收和国家粮食安全保障作出了巨大贡献。

生物活性炭是辽中院士工作站的又一大神奇所在。稻壳、花生壳、秸秆等让农民苦恼的农田废弃物,以前大部分都打碎还田,作为肥料。由于北方地区温度低,还田后的碎块很长时间也不腐烂,反而给下一茬的耕种造成麻烦。院士工作站的生物活性炭技术可以改变这种状况并且实现变废为宝。将秸秆等农田废弃物从田里打包打捆后,经过厌氧处理,制成活性炭。它的吸附力极强,和肥料一同作用到田里后,可以改良土壤、提高肥效、减少化肥使用量。

目前,辽中院士工作站的生物活性炭技术已经在岫岩、法库的两家企业实现转化应用。以生物活性炭为基质生产出的花生、玉米、马铃薯等复合专用肥,一上市就受到认可甚至追捧。“不仅如此,这项领先技术还获得了该领域国内唯一的发明专利。”张树林告诉记者,“待开发成熟完善并且大面积推广后,该技术将对我国农业的可持续发展提供助力。”

□本报记者/金晓玲

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