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深度撕裂的伤口难愈合

2017-08-18 07:43:11   中国青年网

肖丽娟

连日来,美国近10年最大规模的白人种族主义骚乱——弗吉尼亚骚乱愈演愈烈,冲突日趋激烈。美国南方阵亡士兵雕像被推倒,林肯纪念堂遭涂鸦,反“白人至上”示威持续不断,一些美国媒体不无焦虑地问:美国正走向新型内战了吗?

距离美国通过《解放黑奴宣言》已有150多年了,但种族隔阂仍像一块坚冰,没有消融。种族矛盾与冲突,深度撕裂着美国社会,成为一道难以愈合的伤疤。

3年前的弗格森枪击案引发了延续数月、席卷全美的抗议声浪。刚过半年,又爆发出非裔青年格雷非正常死亡的巴尔的摩事件。今年5月20日,一名非裔美军国防生被新兴右翼团体成员杀害……此次弗吉尼亚骚乱,再次让世界看到一个撕裂的美国社会。

“黑与白”的矛盾为何难以调和,“白人至上”心态为何抬头?

一方面,美国黑人在政治、经济、就业、教育等方面,频遭不平等对待。在经济领域,非裔美国人拥有的财富仅为白人的十二分之一。另一方面,金融危机以来,美国白人就业情况并不理想,尤其是制造业的不景气,令许多白人劳工边缘化,收入下降。与此同时,大量移民涌入,被认为“抢走”了白人的饭碗,导致他们严重经济焦虑和“白人至上”心态抬头。

事发后,尽管美国总统特朗普接连发声谴责,美国一些地方也开始封堵极右分子,但是冰冻三尺非一日之寒。历经百年仍未消除的种族矛盾,与现实中的经济焦虑、文化冲突、政治问题融合在一起,变得复杂难解。

弗吉尼亚骚乱或许只是下一次冲突的预演。美国种族冲突,犹如一座活火山,随时都可能爆发。

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